METHODS OF INCREASING NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION USING ANTIBODIES TO LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID
Methods are provided for increasing neuronal differentiation of neuronal stem cells using antibodies that bind lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Particularly preferred antibodies to LPA are monoclonal antibodies, including humanized monoclonal antibodies to LPA. Such antibodies, and derivatives and variants thereof, can be used in increasing neuronal differentiation, and in treatment and/or prevention of injuries, diseases, or conditions associated with insufficient neuronal differentiation and/or with elevated LPA levels in neural tissues.
1 . A method for increasing neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells, comprising delivering an antibody, or a fragment, variant, or derivative thereof, that binds lysophosphatidic acid, to an environment that also comprises neural stem cells so that levels of lysophosphatidic acid in the environment and/or in said cells are decreased and neuronal differentiation is increased.
2 . A method according to claim 1 wherein an increase in neuronal differentiation of said neural stem cells is determined by an increase in neuron formation.
3 . A method according to claim 1 wherein an increase in neuronal differentiation of said neural stem cells is determined by a decrease in gliogenesis.
4 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the increase in neuronal differentiation or the decrease in gliogenesis occurs in vivo.
5 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the increase in neuronal differentiation or the decrease in gliogenesis occurs in vitro.
6 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the increase in neuronal differentiation or the decrease in gliogenesis occurs in neurospheres.
7 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the antibody that binds lysophosphatidic acid is a monoclonal antibody, or a fragment, variant, or derivative thereof, that binds lysophosphatidic acid.
8 . A method according to claim 7 wherein the monoclonal antibody is a humanized monoclonal antibody, or a fragment, variant, or derivative thereof.
9 . A method for treating a disease, condition, or injury of the nervous system in an animal, preferably a human, wherein said condition is associated with undesirably high levels of lysophosphatidic acid, said method comprising treating said animal with an antibody that binds lysophosphatidic acid, so that levels of said lysophosphatidic acid in the nervous system of the animal are reduced.
10 . A method according to claim 9 wherein said disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of traumatic brain injury, stroke, brain or spinal cord hemorrhage, spinal cord injury, cancer of the central nervous system, and a neurodegenerative disease.
11 . A method according to claim 10 wherein the neurodegenerative disease is selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease.
12 . A method for treating a disease, condition, or injury of the nervous system in an animal, preferably a human, wherein said condition is associated with insufficient neuronal differentiation, said method comprising treating said animal with an antibody that binds lysophosphatidic acid, so that levels of said lysophosphatidic acid in the nervous system of the animal are reduced and neuronal differentiation is increased.
13 . A method according to claim 12 wherein said disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of traumatic brain injury, stroke, brain or spinal cord hemorrhage, spinal cord injury, cancer of the central nervous system, and a neurodegenerative disease.
14 . A method according to claim 13 wherein the neurodegenerative disease is selected from the group consisting of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease.