Methods of producing high-strength metal tubular bars possessing improved cold formability
A method for producing a tubular bar, more particularly a stabilizer bar, is provided. The method comprises providing a tubular bar of desired size having an outer and inner surface, heating the bar to an elevated temperature, quenching the bar by application of a cooling fluid to the surfaces of the bar, and forming the tube to a desired shape without annealing. The method further provides for the composition of a high-strength, high formability carbon steel alloy to be used in conjunction with the method. Advantageously, the bar is formable without thermal processing subsequent to quenching. In this fashion, metal tubular bars, such as stabilizer bars, may be formed at reduced cost.
1. A tubular bar, comprising:
an elongate hollow body extending between a first end and a second end defining an outer surface and an inner surface;
wherein the elongate hollow body comprises a steel alloy consisting essentially of:
about 0.13 to 0.35% carbon;
about 0.8 to 2.0% manganese;
about 0.10% to 0.70% silicon;
about 0.01% to 0.07% aluminum;
up to about 0.50% nickel;
up to about 0.50% chromium;
up to about 0.25% molybdenum;
up to about 0.05% niobium, and
up to about 0.30% vanadium;
wherein the elongate hollow body as quenched without subsequent heat treatment has a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one bend formed in the elongate hollow body is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
2. The tubular bar of claim 1 , further consisting essentially of:
about 0.15 to 0.28% carbon;
about 1.2 to 1.8% manganese;
about 0.20 to 0.70% silicon; and
about 0.15 to 0.50% chromium.
3. The tubular bar of claim 1 , further consisting essentially of:
about 0.16 to 0.21% carbon;
about 1.4 to 1.7% manganese;
about 0.2 to 0.7% silicon;
up to about 0.30% nickel:,
about 0.015 to 0.05% aluminum;
about 0.15% to 0.3% chromium;
about 0.05% to 0.15% molybdenum;
up to about 0.03% niobium: and
about 0.07% to 0.20% vanadium.
4. The tubular bar of claim 1 , wherein the tubular bar is a stabilizer bar configured for use on a vehicle.
5. The tubular bar of claim 4 , wherein the stabilizer bar comprises a plurality of bends shaped to accommodate the stabilizer bar within an undercarriage of the vehicle.
6. The tubular bar of claim 5 , in combination with a vehicle, wherein the tubular bar is attached to the undercarriage of the vehicle.
7. A tubular bar suitable for cold forming, comprising:
an elongate hollow body extending between a first end and a second end defining an outer surface and an inner surface:
wherein the elongate hollow body as quenched without subsequent heat treatment comprises a steel alloy having an ultimate tensile strength of about 1400 MPa or greater, a yield strength to ultimate strength ratio of between about 0.65 and 0.90, an elongation of about 12% or greater, and a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one bend formed in the bar is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa;
wherein the body comprises about 0.13-0.35% carbon, about 0.8-2.0% manganese, about 0.1-0.7% silicon, about 0.01-0.07% aluminum, up to about 0.50% nickel, about 0-0.5% chromium, about 0-0.25% molybdenum, up to about 0.05% niobium; and about 0-0.3% vanadium.
8. The tubular bar of claim 7 , wherein the body comprises about 0.16% to 0.21% carbon.
9. The tubular bar of claim 7 , wherein the body comprises carbon, manganese, silicon, aluminum and at least one selected from the group consisting of:
nickel, chromium, molybdenum, niobium and vanadium.
10. The tubular bar of claim 7 , wherein the tubular bar as quenched without subsequent heat treatment has a fatigue life greater than about 400,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing, when the region about at least one bend formed in the bar is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
11. A vehicular stabilizer bar, comprising:
an elongate hollow body extending between a first end and a second end defining an outer surface and an inner surface, the elongate hollow body having a length, diameter and a plurality of bends to accommodate the stabilizer bar within an undercarriage of a vehicle;
wherein the elongate hollow body comprises a steel alloy consisting essentially of:
about 0.13 to 0.35% carbon;
about 0.8 to 2.0% manganese;
about 0.10 to 0.70% silicon;
about 0.01 to 0.07% aluminum;
up to about 0.50% nickel;
up to about 0.50% chromium;
up to about 0.25% molybdenum;
up to about 0.05% niobium; and
up to about 0.30% vanadium;
wherein the elongate hollow body as quenched without subsequent heat treatment has an ultimate tensile strength of about 1400 MPa or greater, a yield strength to ultimate tensile strength ratio of between about 0.65 and 0.90, an elongation of about 12% or greater, and includes bends formed with an angle at least 10° without cracks or collapsing effects.
12. The vehicular stabilizer bar of claim 11 , wherein bends are capable of being formed in the elongate hollow body as quenched without subsequent heat treatment to an angle of about 90° without cracks or collapsing effects.
13. The vehicular stabilizer bar of claim 11 , wherein the elongate hollow body as quenched without subsequent heat treatment has a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one of the bends is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.