Transmit frequency precorrection for satellite terminals

1. A method for determining frequency and symbol rate corrections for transmissions in a satellite communications system, the method comprising:

determining a frequency correction and a symbol rate correction for transmissions from a user terminal by:

determining a frequency of a signal received at the user terminal, the signal transmitted from a gateway to the user terminal via a satellite in the satellite communications system;

determining a symbol rate of the signal received at the user terminal;

computing an error associated with an oscillator at an outdoor unit of the user terminal based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal;

computing an error associated with an oscillator at an indoor unit of the user terminal based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal;

computing a transmit frequency correction for the user terminal based at least in part on the error of the oscillator at the outdoor unit and the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit; and

computing a transmit symbol rate correction for the user terminal based at least in part on the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit;

determining a correction for transmissions received at the gateway by:

determining a frequency of a signal received at the gateway, the signal transmitted from the user terminal to the gateway via the satellite;

computing an error associated with an oscillator at the satellite and motion of the satellite based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the gateway, the signal transmitted from the user terminal to the gateway via the satellite; and

computing a receive frequency correction for the gateway based at least in part on the error associated with the oscillator at the satellite and the motion of the satellite.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising adjusting a frequency of a transmission from the user terminal based on the transmit frequency correction.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising adjusting a symbol rate of a transmission from the user terminal based on the transmit symbol rate correction.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal comprises measuring the frequency of the signal using a demodulator at the user terminal.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the indoor unit is based on the symbol rate of the signal received at the user terminal.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the outdoor unit is based on the frequency of the signal as transmitted from the gateway.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the indoor unit is based on the frequency and the symbol rate of the signal as transmitted from the gateway.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising applying the receive frequency correction to a transmission received at the gateway.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining a symbol rate of the signal received at the gateway, and

computing a receive symbol rate correction for the gateway based at least in part on the error associated with the motion of the satellite.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising applying the receive symbol rate correction to a transmission received at the gateway.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the frequency of the signal received at the gateway comprises measuring the frequency of the signal using a demodulator at the gateway.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the satellite is based on a frequency of an oscillator at the gateway.

13. A system for determining frequency corrections and symbol rate corrections for transmissions in a satellite communications system, comprising:

a gateway;

a satellite communicatively coupled to the gateway; and

at least one user terminal communicatively coupled to the satellite, wherein each user terminal is configured to:

determine a frequency of a signal received at the user terminal, the signal received at the user terminal being transmitted from the gateway to the user terminal via the satellite;

determine a symbol rate of the signal received at the user terminal;

compute an error associated with an oscillator at an outdoor unit of the user terminal based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal;

compute an error associated with an oscillator at an indoor unit of the user terminal based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal;

compute a transmit frequency correction for the user terminal based at least in part on the error of the oscillator at the outdoor unit and the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit; and

compute a transmit symbol rate correction for the user terminal based at least in part on the error of the oscillator at the indoor unit;

and wherein the gateway is configured to:

determine a frequency of a signal received at the gateway, the signal received at the gateway being transmitted from the user terminal to the gateway via the satellite;

compute an error associated with an oscillator at the satellite and motion of the satellite based at least in part on the frequency of the signal received at the gateway, the signal transmitted from the user terminal to the gateway via the satellite;

and

compute a receive frequency correction for the gateway based at least in part on the error associated with the oscillator at the satellite and the error associated with motion of the satellite.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the user terminal is further configured to adjust a frequency of a transmission from the user terminal based on the transmit frequency correction.

15. The system of claim 13 wherein the gateway is further is configured to apply the receive frequency correction to a transmission received at the gateway.

16. The system of claim 13 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the outdoor unit is based on the frequency of the signal received at the user terminal.

17. The system of claim 13 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the indoor unit is based on the frequency and the symbol rate of the signal received at the user terminal.

18. The system of claim 13 wherein the error associated with the oscillator at the satellite is based on a frequency of an oscillator at the gateway.

19. The system of claim 13 wherein the gateway is further configured to determine a symbol rate of the signal received at the gateway, and compute a receive symbol rate correction for the gateway based at least in part on the error associated with the motion of the satellite.