Polycrystalline diamond
View Patent ↗Embodiments of the invention relate to polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) exhibiting enhanced diamond-to-diamond bonding. In an embodiment, PCD includes a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions. A metal-solvent catalyst occupies at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions. The plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteads (“Oe”) or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm 3 /grams (“G·cm 3 /g”) or less. Other embodiments are directed to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) employing such PCD, methods of forming PCD and PDCs, and various applications for such PCD and PDCs in rotary drill bits, bearing apparatuses, and wire-drawing dies.
1. Polycrystalline diamond, comprising:
a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions;
a metal-solvent catalyst occupying a substantial number of the plurality of interstitial regions, the metal-solvent catalyst present in an amount of about 1 weight % to about 6 weight %;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteds (“Oe”) or more;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm 3 /grams (“G·cm 3 /g”) or less;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst of the at collectively exhibit a specific permeability of about 0.060 G·cm 3 /g·Oe to about 0.090 G·cm 3 /g·Oe; and
wherein the polycrystalline diamond exhibits a G ratio of at least about 4.0×10 6 .
2. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the coercivity is about 155 Oe to about 175 Oe.
3. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the coercivity is about 115 Oe to about 250 Oe.
4. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the coercivity is about 115 Oe to about 175 Oe.
5. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the specific magnetic saturation is about 5 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
6. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the specific magnetic saturation is about 10 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
7. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the coercivity is about 155 Oe to about 175 Oe, and the specific magnetic saturation is about 10 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
8. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the plurality of diamond grains exhibit an average grain size of about 30 μm or less.
9. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the plurality of diamond grains exhibit an average grain size of about 20 μm or less.
10. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst is present in an amount of about 6 weight % or less, and comprises cobalt, iron, nickel, or alloys thereof.
11. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 3 weight % to about 6 weight %.
12. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 1 weight % to about 3 weight %.
13. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 , further comprising a residual principal stress on a working surface thereof of about −345 MPa to about 0 MPa.
14. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst define a volume of at least about 0.050 cm 3 .
15. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst define a volume of about 0.25 cm 3 to about 1.75 cm 3 .
16. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the G ratio is about 8.0×10 6 to about 15.0×10 6 .
17. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 in which a thermal stability thereof as determined by a distance cut, prior to failure, in a vertical lathe test is at least about 1300 m.
18. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst comprises at least about 50 weight % cobalt.
19. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst exhibits a specific magnetic saturation of about 185 G·cm 3 /g to about 215 G·cm 3 /g.
20. Polycrystalline diamond, comprising:
a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions;
a metal-solvent catalyst occupying a substantial number of the plurality of interstitial regions, the metal-solvent catalyst present in an amount of about 1 weight % to about 6 weight %;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively coercivity is about 115 Oersteds (“Oe”) to about 250 Oe;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm 3 /grams (“G·cm 3 /g”) or less;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively define a volume of at least about 0.050 cm 3 ; and
wherein the polycrystalline diamond exhibits a G ratio of at least about 4.0×10 6 .
21. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the volume is about 0.25 cm 3 to about 1.75 cm 3 .
22. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the specific magnetic saturation is about 5 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
23. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the specific magnetic saturation is about 10 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
24. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the coercivity is about 155 Oe to about 175 Oe.
25. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the coercivity is about 115 Oe to about 175 Oe.
26. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a specific permeability less than about 0.10.
27. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a specific permeability of about 0.060 to about 0.090.
28. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the coercivity is about 155 Oe to about 175 Oe, and wherein the specific magnetic saturation is about 10 G·cm 3 /g to about 15 G·cm 3 /g.
29. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the plurality of diamond grains exhibit an average grain size of about 30 μm or less.
30. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the plurality of diamond grains exhibit an average grain size of about 20 μm or less.
31. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst is present in an amount of about 6 weight % or less, and further wherein the metal-solvent catalyst comprises cobalt, nickel, iron, or alloys thereof.
32. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 3 weight % to about 6 weight %.
33. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 1 weight % to about 3 weight %.
34. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 , further comprising a residual principal stress on a working surface thereof of about −345 MPa to about 0 MPa.
35. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the G ratio is about 8.0×10 6 to about 15.0×10 6 .
36. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 in which a thermal stability thereof as determined by a distance cut, prior to failure, in a vertical lathe test is at least about 1300 m.
37. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst comprises at least about 50 weight % cobalt.
38. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 20 wherein the metal-solvent catalyst exhibits a specific magnetic saturation of about 185 G·cm 3 /g to about 215 G·cm 3 /g.
39. Polycrystalline diamond, comprising:
a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions, the plurality of diamond grains exhibiting an average grain size of about 20 μm or less;
a metal-solvent catalyst occupying a substantial number of the plurality of interstitial regions, the metal-solvent catalyst present in an amount of about 1 weight % to about 6 weight %;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteds (“Oe”) or more;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst collectively exhibit a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm 3 /grams (“G·cm 3 /g”) or less indicative of the amount of metal-solvent catalyst;
wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst of the at collectively exhibit a specific permeability of less than about 0.10 G·cm 3 /g·Oe; and
wherein the polycrystalline diamond exhibits a G ratio of at least about 4.0×10 6 .
40. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the G ratio is about 8.0×10 6 to about 15.0×10 6 .
41. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the G ratio is about 5.0×10 6 to about 15.0×10 6 .
42. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the G ratio is at least about 30.0×10 6 .
43. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 1 weight % to about 3 weight %.
44. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 3 weight % to about 6 weight %.
45. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the G ratio is at least about 30.0×10 6 .
46. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the average grain size of the plurality of diamond grains is about 10 μm to about 18 μm.
47. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the average grain size of the plurality of diamond grains is about 15 μm to about 18 μm.
48. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the average grain size of the plurality of diamond grains is about 10 μm or less.
49. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 39 wherein the amount of the metal-solvent catalyst is about 3 weight % to about 6 weight %, and wherein the plurality of diamond grains and the metal-solvent catalyst defines a volume of about 0.25 cm 3 to about 1.75 cm 3 .
50. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 49 , further comprising an additional plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of additional interstitial regions from which the metal-solvent catalyst has been at least partially leached.
51. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 50 wherein the polycrystalline diamond is substantially cylindrical and exhibits a diameter of about 0.8 centimeters to about 3 centimeters.
52. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 51 further comprising a chamfer formed between an upper surface and a side surface.
53. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 7 further comprising an additional plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of additional interstitial regions from which the metal-solvent catalyst has been at least partially leached.
54. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 53 wherein the polycrystalline diamond is substantially cylindrical and exhibits a diameter of about 0.8 centimeters to about 3 centimeters.
55. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 54 further comprising a chamfer formed between an upper surface and a side surface.
56. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 further comprising an additional plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of additional interstitial regions from which the metal-solvent catalyst has been at least partially leached.
57. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 1 wherein the G ratio is at least about 30.0×10 6 .
58. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 28 further comprising an additional plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of additional interstitial regions from which the metal-solvent catalyst has been at least partially leached.
59. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 58 wherein the polycrystalline diamond is substantially cylindrical and exhibits a diameter of about 0.8 centimeters to about 3 centimeters.
60. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 21 further comprising an additional plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of additional interstitial regions from which the metal-solvent catalyst has been at least partially leached.
61. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 60 wherein the polycrystalline diamond is substantially cylindrical and exhibits a diameter of about 0.8 centimeters to about 3 centimeters.
62. The polycrystalline diamond of claim 61 further comprising a chamfer formed between an upper surface and a side surface.