VARIABLE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
A hydraulic system is provided with a prime mover connected to a first fixed displacement pump having a maximum flow A, a hydraulic loop connected to a system of valves and actuators, a second fixed displacement pump having a maximum flow B in fluid communication with the loop, an electric machine operable as one of a motor and a generator connected to the second pump and electrically coupled to a battery, and a controller connected to the prime mover and the electric machine. The hydraulic loop is in fluid communication with the first pump with a first check valve. The second pump is arranged in parallel with the first pump.
1 . A hydraulic system comprising:
a prime mover connected to a first fixed displacement pump, the first pump having a maximum flow A;
a hydraulic loop connected to a system of valves and actuators, the loop in fluid communication with the first pump with a first check valve;
a second fixed displacement pump in fluid communication with the loop, the second pump having a maximum flow B, wherein the second pump is arranged in parallel with the first pump;
an electric machine connected to the second pump, and electrically coupled to a battery, the electric machine operable as one of a motor and a generator; and
a controller connected to the prime mover and the electric machine.
2 . The hydraulic system of claim 1 wherein a net flow from the hydraulic loop to the system of valves and actuators is variable between negative B flow and positive A+B flow by varying the speed of the first pump and the speed of the second pump.
3 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the first pump operates and second pump operates in reverse such that the net flow to the system of valves and actuators is the difference between a flow provided by the first pump and a flow received by the second pump.
4 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the system of valves and actuators includes at least one valve connecting the hydraulic loop to an actuator moving a load; and
wherein the prime mover drives the first pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop, and the second pump receives flow from the hydraulic loop to drive the electric machine as a generator to charge the battery; and
wherein the net flow to the system of valves and actuators is metered by varying the speed of at least one of the first pump and the second pump.
5 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the prime mover drives the first pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop and system of valves and actuators, and the electric machine drives the second pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop and system of valves and actuators.
6 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the first pump and second pump are in compliance with their respective minimum pump speed requirements, and net flow to the system of valves and actuators is zero.
7 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the prime mover drives the first pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop and the system of valves and actuators, and flow through the second pump is prevented.
8 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the first pump is inactive, and the electric machine drives the second pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop and the system of valves and actuators.
9 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the system of valves and actuators provides flow to the hydraulic loop, thereby driving the second pump to drive the electric machine as a generator to charge the battery, and the first pump is inactive.
10 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 further comprising a valve for unloading the second pump from the hydraulic loop during a transition operation between a negative and a positive second pump speed.
11 . The hydraulic system of claim 1 wherein the prime mover further comprises an engine.
12 . The hydraulic system of claim 11 wherein the second pump uses at least some flow in the hydraulic loop to drive the electric machine as a generator to charge the battery.
13 . The hydraulic system of claim 11 wherein the system of valves and actuators includes at least one valve connecting the hydraulic loop to an actuator for moving a load;
wherein the valve hydraulically disconnects the actuator from the hydraulic loop, the prime mover drives the first pump to provide flow to the hydraulic loop, and the second pump receives flow from the hydraulic loop to drive the electric machine as a generator to charge the battery.
14 . The hydraulic system of claim 11 wherein the engine is operated within a desired output range by using the second motor as one of a motor and a generator to stabilize the engine output.
15 . The hydraulic system of claim 1 wherein the prime mover further comprises a second electric machine.
16 . The system of claim 11 further comprising a valve in fluid communication with the second pump and one of the first pump and a third hydraulic pump, the third pump connected to the engine;
wherein flow is directed from the second pump through the valve to drive one of the first pump and the third pump as a motor to start the engine.
17 . The hydraulic system of claim 2 wherein the system of valves and actuators further comprises a hydraulic traction circuit for a vehicle.
18 . A vehicle comprising:
a prime mover connected to a first fixed displacement pump, the first pump having a maximum flow A;
a hydraulic loop connected to a system of valves and actuators, the loop in fluid communication with the first pump with a first check valve;
a second fixed displacement pump in fluid communication with the loop, the second pump having a maximum flow B, wherein the second pump is arranged in parallel with the first pump;
an electric machine connected to the second pump, and electrically coupled to a battery, the electric machine operable as a motor and a generator;
a controller connected to the prime mover and the electric machine; and
a plurality of traction devices supporting a chassis, at least one of plurality of traction devices driven by a hydrostatic motor, the hydrostatic motor in fluid communication with the system of valves and actuators.
19 . The vehicle of claim 18 wherein a net flow from the hydraulic loop to the system of valves and actuators is variable between negative B flow and positive A+B flow by varying the speed of the first pump relative to the speed of the second pump.
20 . A hydraulic system comprising:
a hydraulic loop connected to a system of valves and actuators using a valve;
a first fixed displacement pump in fluid communication with the hydraulic loop, the first pump having a maximum flow A, the first pump connected to a first prime mover; and
a second fixed displacement pump in fluid communication with the system of valves and actuators, the second pump having a maximum flow B, the second pump connected to an electric machine operable as a motor to output mechanical power, and operable as a generator to output electrical power to a battery;
wherein the first pump and the second pump operate to provide a net flow to the system of valves and actuators, the net flow between negative B flow and positive A+B flow, and the first and second pump each comply with a respective minimum speed requirement.