Organic recycling with metal addition
View Patent ↗The invention is directed to methods for producing a granular nitrogen fertilizer from an organic material comprising adding a metallic salt to said organic material to form a slurry. Preferably the organic material comprises dewatered biosolids and contains water from a scrubber. Metallic salts that can be used comprise a salt of iron, zinc, or a mixture thereof. Preferred iron salts comprises ferric sulfate or ferric oxide, and preferred zinc salts comprises zinc sulfate or zinc oxide. Preferably, the metallic salt is mixed with an acid such as sulfuric acid to form an acidified metal salt. Slurry pH ranges from approximately 2-2.5. The acidified metal salt is added to the organic material in sufficient quantity to lower viscosity of the slurry such that the resulting fluid does not hinder fluid flow during operation. When the metallic salt comprises acidified ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate, sufficient iron can be present to produce a fertilizer product with 0.1 weight percent to 10 weight percent iron sulfate calculated on a dry weight basis. The invention is also directed to fertilizer products made by the methods of the invention. Preferred products are granules and the metallic salt increases product hardness. Fertilizer granules preferably contain metal that is bioavailable to a plant when used as a fertilizer. Solubility of the metal of the product in water is enhanced, and the product is low staining.
1. A granular fertilizer product containing a metallic salt, the fertilizer product being produced by a process comprising:
mixing biosolids with water containing a metallic salt, ammonia, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid in a reactor to form a slurry;
reacting the slurry to form a melt;
spraying the melt onto a bed of fines and potassium chloride to form a granulation mixture, allowing water in the melt to flash off as steam;
sparging ammonia into the granulation mixture as the granulation mixture hardens into granules;
drying the granules to produce the granular fertilizer product having a moisture content less than 3 weight percent; and
wherein the product contains between 0.5 and 5 weight percent metallic salt.
2. The granular fertilizer product of claim 1 , wherein the product contains between 1 and 3 weight percent metallic salt.
3. A granular fertilizer product containing 0.1 to 1 weight percent of a metallic salt, the fertilizer product being produced by a process comprising:
combining biosolids with ammonia and a combination of an acid and iron oxide having a pH of about 2 to about 2.5 to form a biosolids slurry;
turbulently mixing the biosolids slurry;
maintaining the biosolids slurry above a minimum sterilization temperature in a pipe-cross reactor to create a hot melt;
rolling the melt onto fine particles in a granulator and sparging ammonia into the melt to form granulated particles;
drying the granulated particles by evaporating moisture to produce the granular fertilizer product;
wherein the metallic salt comprises iron salt.
4. The granular fertilizer product of claim 3 , wherein the iron salt comprises iron sulfate.
5. The granular fertilizer product of claim 4 , wherein the combining step further includes combining the sludge, the ammonia, the acid, and the iron oxide with zinc oxide, and wherein the metallic salt further comprises zinc sulfate.
6. The granular fertilizer product of claim 3 , wherein a turbulence generating structure creates turbulence in the turbulently mixing step.
7. The granular fertilizer product of claim 6 , wherein the turbulence generating structure includes an orifice plate.
8. A process for producing from biosolids a granular fertilizer product containing 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a metallic salt, the process comprising:
mixing the biosolids with a base and a combination of an acid and iron oxide having a pH of about 2 to about 2.5 to form a biosolids slurry;
turbulently mixing the biosolids slurry;
maintaining the biosolids slurry above a minimum sterilization temperature in a pipe-cross reactor to create a hot melt;
rolling the melt onto fine particles in an granulator and sparging ammonia into the melt to form granulated particles of a desired size;
drying the granulated particles by evaporating moisture from the particles to obtain particles having less than 3 weight percent moisture and 0.1 to 10 weight percent metallic salt;
separating the product from the particles by size;
wherein the metallic salt comprises an iron salt.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the base is ammonia and the acid is a sulfuric acid.
10. The process of claim 8 , wherein the step of turbulently mixing includes flowing the slurry through an orifice plate.