ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE LUMINAIRES
There is provided an organic light-emitting diode luminaire. The luminaire includes a patterned first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer therebetween. The light-emitting layer includes a first plurality of pixels having an emission color that is blue-green and a second plurality of pixels having an emission color that is red/red-orange, the second plurality of pixels being laterally spaced from the first plurality of pixels. The additive mixing of the emitted colors results in an overall emission of white light.
1 . An organic light-emitting diode luminaire comprising a patterned first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer therebetween, the light-emitting layer comprising:
a first plurality of pixels comprising a first electroluminescent material having an emission color that is blue-green; and
a second plurality of pixels comprising a second electroluminescent material having an emission color that is red/red-orange, the second plurality of pixels being laterally spaced from the first plurality of pixels;
wherein the additive mixing of the two emitted colors results in an overall emission of white light.
2 . The luminaire of claim 1 , wherein the first electroluminescent material with blue-green emission color is a tris-cyclometallated complex having the formula IrL 3 or a bis-cyclometallated complex having the formula IrL 2 Y, where Y is a monoanionic bidentate ligand and L has a formula selected from the group consisting of Formula L-1 through Formula L-17:
where
R 1 through R 8 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, D, electron-donating groups, and electron-withdrawing groups;
R 9 is H, D or alkyl; and
* represents a point of coordination with Ir.
3 . The luminaire of claim 2 , wherein:
R 1 is H, D, alkyl, or silyl;
R 2 is H, D, alkyl, or silyl;
R 3 ═H, D, F, OR 10 , NR 10 2 ;
R 4 ═H, D, alkyl, or silyl;
R 6 ═H, D or F;
R 6 ═H, D, F, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, aryl, or diaryloxophosphinyl;
R 7 ═H, D, F, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, aryl, or diaryloxophosphinyl;
R 8 ═H, D, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl;
R 9 ═H, D, alkyl, or silyl; and
R 10 =alkyl, where adjacent R 10 groups can be joined to form a saturated ring.
4 . The luminaire of claim 1 , wherein the first electroluminescent material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of:
5 . The luminaire of claim 1 , wherein the second electroluminescent material with red/red orange emission color is a tris-cyclometallated complex having the formula IrL 3 or a bis-cyclometallated complex having the formula IrL 2 Y, where Y is a monoanionic bidentate ligand and L has a formula selected from the group consisting of Formula L-18, L-19, L-20 and L-21:
where:
R 1 through R 6 and R 14 through R 23 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, D, electron-donating groups, and electron-withdrawing groups; and
* represents a point of coordination with Ir.
6 . The luminaire of claim 5 , wherein:
R 1 through R 4 and R 14 through R 19 are the same or different and are H, D, alkyl, alkoxy, or silyl, or R 1 and R 2 , R 2 and R 3 or R 3 and R 4 in ligand L-18, or R 16 and R 17 or R 17 and R 18 in ligand L-19 and L-20, or R 16 and R 17 , R 17 and R 18 , or R 18 and R 19 in ligand L-21 can be joined together to form a hydrocarbon ring or hetero ring;
R 20 ═H, D, F, alkyl, silyl, or alkoxy;
R 21 ═H, D, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy, silyl, or aryl; and
R 22 ═H, D, F, CN, alkyl, silyl, alkoxy, fluoroalkoxy, or aryl; and
R 23 ═H, D, CN, alkyl, fluoroalkyl, fluoroalkoxy or silyl.
7 . The luminaire of claim 1 , wherein the second electroluminescent material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of:
8 . The luminaire of claim 2 , wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of Y-1, Y-2 and Y-3
wherein:
R 11 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and fluoroalkyl;
R 12 is H, D, or F; and
R 13 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and fluoroalkyl.
9 . The luminaire of claim 5 , wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of Y-1, Y-2 and Y-3
wherein:
R 11 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and fluoroalkyl;
R 12 is H, D, or F; and
R 13 is the same or different at each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and fluoroalkyl.
10 . The luminaire of claim 1 , wherein the relative emission from the two colors, as measured in cd/m 2 , is as follows:
blue-green emission=40-55%,
red/red-orange emission=45-605%.
11 . The luminaire of claim 5 , wherein the complex has the formula IrL 3 and L=L-19.
12 . The luminaire of claim 11 , wherein L-19 is selected from R-1 through R-51.
13 . The luminaire of claim 5 , wherein the complex has the formula IrL 2 Y and L is selected from L-20 and L-21 and Y═Y-1.
14 . The luminaire of claim 13 , wherein, with respect to Y-1, R 11 is selected from methyl and butyl and R 12 is H.
15 . The luminaire of claim 13 , wherein L-20 is selected from R-52 through R-57.
16 . A process for making an OLED luminaire, comprising:
providing a substrate having a first patterned electrode thereon;
depositing a first liquid composition in a first pixellated pattern to form a first deposited composition, the first liquid composition comprising a first electroluminescent material in a first liquid medium, said first electroluminescent material having a first emission color;
depositing a second liquid composition in a second pixellated pattern which is laterally spaced from the first pixellated pattern to form a second deposited composition, the second liquid composition comprising a second electroluminescent material in a second liquid medium, said second electroluminescent material having a second emission color;
drying the first and second deposited compositions to form first and second pluralities of pixels; and
forming a second electrode over all the pixels;
wherein one of the emission colors is blue-green and one of the emission colors is red/red-orange.