Coating compositions containing low VOC compounds
View Patent ↗Coating compositions containing coalescents and a latex polymer, wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50% and is dispersible in the coating composition.
1. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —R 2
wherein R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl moiety and comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X is a divalent organic group comprising oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, n is 1, and R 2 is an organic group comprising 3 to 24 carbon atoms and one carbonyl group;
with the proviso that the coalescent does not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture.
2. The paint of claim 1 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
3. The paint of claim 1 wherein the coalescent has a number average molecular weight of no greater than about 750.
4. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group comprising an oxygen atom;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises one carbonyl group;
with the proviso that the coalescent does not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
5. The paint of claim 4 wherein the latex polymer comprises a surfactant and polymer particles consisting essentially of a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate.
6. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group comprising an oxygen atom;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that the coalescent does not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds and is nonreactive with the latex polymer;
wherein the coalescent is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents, and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%.
7. The paint of claim 6 wherein R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl moiety and comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X comprises oxygen atoms and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, n is 1, and R 2 comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms and a carbonyl group.
8. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 5 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry.
9. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
10. A low-VOC paint, consisting essentially of:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 5 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is nonreactive in the paint, dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry;
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%; and
further wherein the paint optionally includes one or more fillers, thickeners, biocides, mildewcides, surfactants, dispersants, or defoamers.
11. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%.
12. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 5 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry while not reacting with the latex polymer.
13. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
14. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
at least 5 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%.
15. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, is not reactive with the latex polymer, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 50 wt-%;
wherein the paint is stable.
16. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—O)—R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group comprises a hydroxyl group; and
the coalescent has 1 to 2 aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture.
17. The paint of claim 16 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
18. The paint of claim 17 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
19. The paint of claim 18 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 5° C.
20. The paint of claim 16 wherein R 1 and R 2 each have 3 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 2 comprises a hydroxyl group.
21. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—O)—R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group comprises a hydroxyl group; and
the coalescent has 1 to 2 aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds;
wherein the coalescent is nonreactive in the paint and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents, and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%.
22. The paint of claim 21 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
23. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group comprising an oxygen atom; and
n is 1 to 10;
the coalescent has 1 to 2 aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture.
24. The paint of claim 23 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
25. The paint of claim 23 wherein R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X is an organic group comprising an oxygen atom and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and n is 1.
26. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group comprising an oxygen atom; and
n is 1 to 10;
the coalescent has 1 to 2 aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds;
wherein the coalescent is nonreactive in the paint and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents, and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%.
27. The paint of claim 26 wherein R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X is an organic group comprising an oxygen atom and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and n is 1.
28. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 ≦(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms, hydroxyl groups, and combinations thereof;
X is a divalent hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing nonperoxidic oxygen atoms and carbonyl groups; and
n is 1 to 10;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content (VOC) of less than about 15 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry;
wherein the paint is stable.
29. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
n is 1 to 10;
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
the coalescent has one aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%, is nonreactive in the paint, and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture.
30. The paint of claim 29 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
31. The paint of claim 30 wherein the coalescent is selected to facilitate and used in an amount that facilitates the formation of a polymer film of the latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C.
32. The paint of claim 29 wherein R 1 comprises an oxygen atom and 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X is a divalent organic group comprising a carbonyl group and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, n is 1, and R 2 comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
33. The paint of claim 29 wherein the latex polymer comprises a surfactant and polymer particles consisting essentially of a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate.
34. A low-VOC paint, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles comprising a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate;
a pigment; and
a coalescent;
wherein at least 1 percent by weight, based on polymer solids, of the paint comprises a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
n is 1 to 10;
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
the coalescent has one aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds;
wherein the coalescent is nonreactive in the paint and is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents, and the mixture has a volatile organic content of less than about 15 wt-%.
35. The paint of claim 34 wherein R 1 comprises an oxygen atom and 3 to 24 carbon atoms, X is a divalent organic group comprising a carbonyl group and 2 to 8 carbon atoms, n is 1, and R 2 comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
36. A low-VOC paint, consisting essentially of:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature, and wherein the polymer particles comprise a homopolymer or copolymer including at least one of an acrylate or a methacrylate; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms, hydroxyl groups, and combinations thereof;
X is a divalent hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing nonperoxidic oxygen atoms and carbonyl groups; and
n is 1 to 10;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content (VOC) of less than about 15 wt-%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint to form a uniform mixture, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
wherein the paint optionally includes one or more fillers, thickeners, biocides, mildewcides, surfactants, dispersants, or defoamers; and
further wherein the paint is stable.