Apparatus and method for treating obesity
The present invention relates to a reflux disease treatment apparatus comprising an implantable movement restriction device that maintains cardia in the correct position and an implantable stimulation device adapted to engage with the cardia sphincter of a patient. The invention further comprises a control device for controlling the stimulation device to stimulate the cardia sphincter. The invention can be combined with various methods for treating obesity, in particular methods that creates satiety by stretching the wall of the stomach or fills out a volume of the stomach.
1. An apparatus for treating obesity of a human patient, the apparatus comprising an implantable active stretching device comprising:
a first leg for engaging the stomach wall at a first position on the outside of the stomach, and
a second leg for engaging the stomach wall at a second position on the outside of the stomach,
each one of the first and second leg being adapted to engage the stomach wall by means of:
a fixation adapted to be sutured or stapled to the outside of the stomach wall, or
a body adapted to be invaginated in the stomach wall from the outside thereof,
the active stretching device further comprising an operation device comprising a motor configured to be mechanically connected to the first and second legs and to move the first and second legs, such that the first and second positions move away from each other to stretch the stomach wall portion between the first and second positions such that a feeling of satiety is created,
wherein the active stretching device has a shape and size that allows it to be implanted in the human patient.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second legs is adapted to be invaginated by the stomach wall by one of:
stomach-to-stomach sutures or staplers holding the leg in place, and
sutures or staplers between the leg and the stomach wall.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second legs comprise a tissue growth promoting structure adapted to be in contact with the stomach wall to secure long term attachment of the stretching device to the stomach wall.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the structure comprises a net like structure.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the operation device is a non-invasive operation device.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the operation device is adapted to be postoperatively adjusted without penetrating the stomach wall.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a body adapted to fill a volume defined by wall portions of the stomach.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the operation device comprises a subcutaneous switch adapted to be non-invasively operated by manually pressing the switch for the operation of the stretching device.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprising a wireless remote control for controlling a function of the stretching device.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one of:
a sensor adapted to be implanted in the patient's body and adapted to sense at least one of: the food intake of the patient, a physical parameter of the patient, and a functional parameter of the apparatus, and
an internal control unit adapted to control the apparatus in response to an implantable sensor sensing at least one of: the food intake of the patient, a physical parameter of the patient, and a functional parameter of the apparatus.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a sensor adapted to sense a parameter selected from a group consisting of: contraction and relaxation of the Cardia or esophagus, esophagus movement, esophagus bending, esophagus motility, esophagus stretching, esophagus pressure, food passing esophagus, food in the stomach, neural activity, vagus activity, muscle activity, hormonal activity, stomach motility, stomach stretching, stomach pressure, stomach bending, stomach filling, and acidity in the stomach, capacitance, resistance, volt, ampere, light absorption or visualization, ultrasound reflection or absorption, bending metal, bimetal and PH.
12. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one of: a wireless energy transmitter for non-invasively energizing the apparatus with wireless energy, and an implantable internal energy source.
13. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the operation device comprises a fixation portion for fixating the operation device subcutaneously in the body of the patient.
14. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the operation device is postoperatively and non-invasively programmable.
15. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the motor is a hydraulic motor comprising a hydraulic piston.
16. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the motor is an electrical motor or an electrical servo motor.
17. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is adapted to, from time to time, stretch different areas of the stomach.
18. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a force controller adapted to control the operation device.