Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

1. An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising at least:

an electroconductive substrate; and

a photosensitive layer provided on or above the electroconductive substrate,

wherein an outermost layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is a layer composed of a cured film of a composition comprising at least:

one compound having a chain-polymerizable functional group and a charge-transportable backbone in the molecule thereof;

a polymerization initiator; and

a radical deactivator, a content of the radical deactivator being from equal mol number to 5-fold mol number of a content of the polymerization initiator in the composition of the outermost layer.

2. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the radical deactivator is at least one selected from the group consisting of phenol-based radical deactivators, amine-based radical deactivators, hydroxyacetophenone-based radical deactivators, benzoin-based radical deactivators and peroxide-based radical deactivators.

3. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the radical deactivator is selected from a phenol-based radical deactivator or an amine-based radical deactivator.

4. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the radical deactivator is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following Formulae (M-1) to (M-8):

5. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the charge-transportable backbone comprises a triphenylamine backbone.

6. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the chain polymerizable functional group comprises an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a styrene group or a derivative thereof.

7. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the chain polymerizable functional group comprises a methacryloyl group or a derivative thereof.

8. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerization initiator comprises a heat radical initiator.

9. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the outermost layer is a protective layer on or above the photosensitive laver.

10. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the photosensitive layer is the outermost layer.

11. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer.

12. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the photosensitive layer comprises a charge generating material and a charge transporting material.

13. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , wherein the electroconductive substrate comprises an aluminum substrate.

14. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , further comprising an undercoat layer provided on the electroconductive substrate.

15. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 , further comprising, together with the compound having a chain-polymerizable functional group and a charge-transportable backbone in the molecule thereof, a charge transporting material having no reactive group.

16. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 7 , wherein the protective layer further comprises a polymer which does not react with the chain-polymerizable functional group in the compound having a chain-polymerizable functional group and a charge-transportable backbone in the molecule thereof.

17. A process cartridge comprising:

the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 ; and

at least one unit selected from the group consisting of:

a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;

a development unit that develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor with a toner; and

a toner removal unit that removes residual toner from the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor.

18. An image forming apparatus comprising:

the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1 ;

a charging unit that charges the electrophotographic photoreceptor;

an electrostatic latent image forming unit that forms an electrostatic latent image on the charged electrophotographic photoreceptor;

a development unit that develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrophotographic photoreceptor with a toner thereby forming a toner image; and

a transfer unit that transfers the toner image to a transfer medium.