Dual mode cavity filter assembly operating in a TE22N mode
View Patent ↗A microwave cavity filter is configured for operation in the dual TE 22N mode to realize a very high Q factor at very high frequency ranges. The microwave filter is formed from using one or more cylindrical cavities in which two orthogonal field polarizations of the TE 22N mode are excited and coupled together by means of a coupling element. Different combinations of inter-cavity irises provide for both direct and cross-coupling of aligned field polarizations in adjacent cavities, as required, to realize complex filter functions. The irises may be formed in either a side or end wall of the cavities for both collinear and planar mount configuration. Negative mode coupling also allows for transmission zeros to be realized on either side of the filter passband.
1. A microwave resonator assembly comprising:
a first cavity defined by an electrically conductive cylindrical enclosure in which electromagnetic energy radiated into the first cavity resonates in at least a dual TE 22N mode having a first TE 22N mode and a second TE 22N mode, N greater than or equal to one;
an input port provided in the cylindrical enclosure for radiating the first TE 22N mode having a first polarization into the first cavity; and
a first discontinuity formed within the first cavity for electromagnetically coupling the first TE 22N mode with the second TE 22N mode having a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization.
2. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 1 , wherein
the first TE 22N mode defines a first characterizing vector projecting radially in relation to a longitudinal axis of the first cavity;
the second TE 22N mode defines a second characterizing vector projecting radially in relation to the longitudinal axis and forming a 45 degree angle with the first characterizing vector; and
the first discontinuity is formed at a location within the first cavity having an angular position intermediate the first and second characterizing vectors, where the first and second TE 22N modes each have non-zero field components.
3. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 2 , wherein the angular position of the first discontinuity is an angular midpoint between the first and second characterizing vectors.
4. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 3 , wherein the input port has an angular position in relation to the second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
5. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of discontinuities formed within the first cavity for electromagnetically coupling the first TE 22N mode with the second TE 22N mode, each discontinuity formed at a corresponding location within the first cavity having an angular position in relation to the first or second characterizing vector equal to 22.5 degrees plus an integer multiple of 90 degrees, where the first and second TE 22N modes each have non-zero field components.
6. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of discontinuities formed within the first cavity for adjusting a resonant frequency of the first TE 22N mode or the second TE 22N mode, each discontinuity formed at a corresponding location within the first cavity having an angular position in relation to either the first or second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees, where one of the first and second TE 22N modes has field components substantially larger than the other of the first and second TE 22N modes.
7. The microwave resonator assembly of claim 2 , further comprising
at least one direct coupling element provided in the cylindrical enclosure for radiating the second TE 22N mode out of the first cavity; and
at least one cross coupling element provided in the cylindrical enclosure for radiating the first TE 22N mode out of the first cavity.
8. The microwave resonator filter of claim 1 further comprising:
a second cavity located adjacent to the first cavity, the second cavity defined by second electrically conductive cylindrical enclosure in which electromagnetic energy radiated into the second cavity resonates in at least a second dual TE 22N mode having a third TE 22N mode and a fourth TE 22N mode, N greater than or equal to one;
at least one coupling element for radiating electromagnetic energy between the first cavity and the second cavity, the at least one coupling element configured to electromagnetically couple the first TE 22N mode resonating in the first cavity with the fourth TE 22N mode resonating in the second cavity, and the second TE 22N mode resonating in the first cavity with the third TE 22N mode resonating in the second cavity, the first and fourth TE 22N modes having a first polarization and the second and third TE 22N modes having a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization; and
a second discontinuity formed within the second cavity for electromagnetically coupling the third TE 22N with the fourth TE 22N mode.
9. The microwave resonator filter of claim 8 , wherein
the first TE 22N mode defines a first characterizing vector projecting radially in relation to a longitudinal axis of the first cavity;
the second TE 22N mode defines a second characterizing vector projecting radially in relation to the longitudinal axis and forming a 45 degree angle with the first characterizing vector; and
the at least one coupling element comprises at least one direct coupling element for electromagnetically coupling the second TE 22N mode with the third TE 22N mode, the at least one direct coupling element having an angular position in relation to either the first or second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
10. The microwave resonator filter of claim 9 , wherein
the first and second cavities are collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed in a common end wall separating the first and second cavities; and
the at least one direct coupling element comprises a transverse angular iris having an angular position in relation to the second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
11. The microwave resonator filter of claim 9 , wherein
the first and second cavities are collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed in a common end wall separating the first and second cavities; and
the at least one direct coupling element comprises a radial iris having an angular position in relation to the first characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
12. The microwave resonator filter of claim 9 , wherein
the first and second cavities are non-collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed between adjacent sidewall portions of the first and second cavities; and
the at least one direct coupling element comprises a transverse angular iris having an angular position in relation to the second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
13. The microwave resonator filter of claim 9 , wherein
the first and second cavities are non-collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed between adjacent sidewall portions of the first and second cavities; and
the at least one direct coupling element comprises a longitudinal iris having an angular position in relation to the first characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
14. The microwave resonator filter of claim 9 , wherein the at least one coupling element further comprises at least one cross coupling element for electromagnetically coupling the first TE 22N mode with the fourth TE 22N mode, the at least one cross coupling element having an angular position in relation to either the first or second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
15. The microwave resonator filter of claim 14 , wherein
the first and second cavities are collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed in a common end wall separating the first and second cavities; and
the at least one cross coupling element comprises a transverse angular iris having an angular position in relation to the first characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
16. The microwave resonator filter of claim 14 , wherein
the first and second cavities are collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed in a common end wall separating the first and second cavities; and
the at least one cross coupling element comprises a radial iris having an angular position in relation to the second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
17. The microwave resonator filter of claim 14 , wherein
the first and second cavities are non-collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed between adjacent sidewall portions of the first and second cavities; and
the at least one cross coupling element comprises a longitudinal iris having an angular position in relation to the second characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
18. The microwave resonator filter of claim 14 , wherein
the first and second cavities are non-collinear;
the at least one coupling element is formed between adjacent sidewall portions of the first and second cavities; and
the at least one cross coupling element comprises a transverse angular iris having an angular position in relation to the first characterizing vector equal to an integer multiple of 90 degrees.
19. The microwave resonator filter of claim 8 , wherein the first discontinuity is formed within the first cavity at a first location, and the second discontinuity is formed within the second cavity at a second location in relation to the first location to generate a transmission zero in the microwave resonator filter by coupling the first and second TE 22N modes with a polarity opposite to the third and fourth TE 22N modes.