TONER, DEVELOPER, TONER CARTRIDGE, AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS
Provided is a toner wherein when a solid image formed by the toner is irradiated with incident light at an incident angle of −45° using a goniophotometer, a ratio (A/B) of a reflectance A at a light-receiving angle of +30° to a reflectance B at a light-receiving angle of −30° is about 2 or more and about 100 or less.
1 . A toner wherein when a solid image formed by the toner is irradiated with incident light at an incident angle of −45° using a goniophotometer, a ratio (A/B) of a reflectance A at a light-receiving angle of +30° to a reflectance B at a light-receiving angle of −30° is about 2 or more and about 100 or less.
2 . The toner according to claim 1 ,
wherein the toner contains pigment particles,
the toner has an average equivalent-circle diameter D larger than an average maximum thickness C, and
when a cross section of the toner in a thickness direction thereof is observed, the number of pigment particles arranged so that an angle formed by a long axis direction of the toner in the cross section and a long axis direction of a pigment particle is in the range of −30° to +30° is about 60% or more of the total number of pigment particles observed.
3 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio (C/D) of an average maximum thickness C to an average equivalent-circle diameter D is in the range of about 0.001 or more and about 0.500 or less.
4 . The toner according to claim 2 , wherein a ratio (C/D) of the average maximum thickness C to the average equivalent-circle diameter D is in the range of about 0.001 or more and about 0.500 or less.
5 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio (A/B) is about 20 or more and about 90 or less.
6 . The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner contains pigment particles, and the pigment particles each have a substantially flaky shape.
7 . A developer comprising:
the toner according to claim 1 ; and
a carrier.
8 . The developer according to claim 7 ,
wherein the toner contains pigment particles,
the toner has an average equivalent-circle diameter D larger than an average maximum thickness C, and
when a cross section of the toner in a thickness direction thereof is observed, the number of pigment particles arranged so that an angle formed by a long axis direction of the toner in the cross section and a long axis direction of a pigment particle is in the range of −30° to +30° is about 60% or more of the total number of pigment particles observed.
9 . The developer according to claim 7 , wherein the toner has a ratio (C/D) of an average maximum thickness C to an average equivalent-circle diameter D in the range of about 0.001 or more and about 0.500 or less.
10 . A toner cartridge comprising:
a container that contains the toner according to claim 1 .
11 . The toner cartridge according to claim 10 ,
wherein the toner contains pigment particles,
the toner has an average equivalent-circle diameter D larger than an average maximum thickness C, and
when a cross section of the toner in a thickness direction thereof is observed, the number of pigment particles arranged so that an angle formed by a long axis direction of the toner in the cross section and a long axis direction of a pigment particle is in the range of −30° to +30° is about 60% or more of the total number of pigment particles observed.
12 . The toner cartridge according to claim 10 , wherein the toner has a ratio (C/D) of an average maximum thickness C to an average equivalent-circle diameter D in the range of about 0.001 or more and about 0.500 or less.
13 . An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image holding member;
a charging device that charges a surface of the image holding member;
a latent image forming device that forms an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the image holding member;
a developing device that develops the electrostatic latent image with the toner according to claim 1 to form a toner image; and
a transfer device that transfers the toner image formed on the surface of the image holding member to a surface of a recording medium.
14 . The image forming apparatus according to claim 13 ,
wherein the toner contains pigment particles,
the toner has an average equivalent-circle diameter D larger than an average maximum thickness C, and
when a cross section of the toner in a thickness direction thereof is observed, the number of pigment particles arranged so that an angle formed by a long axis direction of the toner in the cross section and a long axis direction of a pigment particle is in the range of −30° to +30° is about 60% or more of the total number of pigment particles observed.
15 . The image forming apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the toner has a ratio (C/D) of an average maximum thickness C to an average equivalent-circle diameter D in the range of about 0.001 or more and about 0.500 or less.