Systems for comprehensive fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FDOCT) and related methods

1. An optical coherence tomography system for imaging a whole eye, the whole eye comprising an anterior segment anterior to a pupil and a posterior segment posterior to a pupil, the system comprising:

a sample arm including focal optics that are configured to rapidly switch between at least two scanning modes in from about 1.0 ms to about 1.0 second,

wherein the at least two scanning modes comprise an anterior segment scanning mode and a posterior segment scanning mode;

wherein the sample arm comprises a fiber input, a collimating lens, a scanning mirror, and an objective lens assembly including optical elements arranged in at least two lens groups;

wherein one lens group is in a first position with respect to a second lens group of the objective assembly in the anterior segment scanning mode and in a second position in the posterior segment scanning mode; and

wherein the one lens group is translated by a distance equal to a focal length of the lens group in switching between the first position for anterior segment scanning and the second position for posterior segment scanning.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the focal optics are configured to be switched between the at least two modes without use of an external adapter.

3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a reference arm including a means for rapidly switching a reference delay when the focal optics of the sample arm are switched between the at least two scanning modes.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the reference arm further comprises a coupler configured to split light from the reference arm of the interferometer into at least two separate paths.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least two separate paths are preset to an optical delay each corresponding to one of the at least two scanning modes.

6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the means for rapidly switching a reference delay comprises a rapid mechanical switch configured to block all but a desired reference delay associated with a corresponding one of the at least two scanning modes.

7. An optical coherence tomography system for imaging structures of the anterior segment of the eye and posterior structures of the eye in at least two dimensions, the system comprising:

a sample arm having an optical path including focal optics that are configured to switch between at least two scanning modes, the focal optics are configured to switch between the at least two scanning modes by changing relative positions of two or more optical elements within the optical path of the sample arm,

wherein the at least two scanning modes include a first scanning mode configured to focus on an anterior structure of the eye and a second scanning mode configured to pivot through the pupil of the eye prior to focusing on a posterior structure of the eye;

wherein the optical path of the sample arm comprises a fiber input, a collimating lens, a scanning mirror and an objective lens assembly including optical elements arranged in at least two lens groups;

wherein the groups of the objective lens assembly are in a first relative position in the first scanning mode configured to focus on the anterior structure of the eye and a second relative position in the second scanning mode configured to pivot through the pupil of the eye prior to focusing on the posterior structure of the eye; and

wherein a distance between one pair of said lens groups is translated by a distance equal to a focal length of one of the lens groups to switch the system from scanning in the first mode to image an anterior structure of the eye and scanning in a second mode to image a posterior structure of the eye.

8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the focal optics are configured to switch between the at least two scanning modes without addition or removal of an optical element from the optical path of the sample arm.

9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the focal optics are configured to switch between modes within a time of from about 1.0 ms to about 1.0 s.

10. The system of claim 7 , further comprising a reference arm including a means for switching a reference delay when the focal optics of the sample arm are switched between the at least two scanning modes.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the reference arm further comprises a coupler configured to split light from the reference arm of an interferometer into at least two separate paths.

12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the at least two separate paths are preset to an optical delay each corresponding to a structure of an eye corresponding to one of the at least two scanning modes.

13. The system of claim 10 , wherein the means for switching a reference delay comprises a rapid mechanical switch configured to block all delays except a desired reference delay associated with a corresponding one of the at least two scanning modes.