Holding current circuits for phase-cut power control
View Patent ↗Holding current circuits and lighting assemblies comprising same are provided. Holding current circuits may be connected to loads to ensure that the load and holding current circuit together draw at least a holding current from a dimmer when the dimmer is in conduction. A holding current circuit may comprise a controlled current source configured to selectively draw current from a dimmer. The controlled current source draws current according to a control signal based on the conduction state of the dimmer and the sum of the currents in a load and the controlled current source. The control signal is generated by a current controller configured to generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a supplementary current at least as great as the difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current.
1. A holding current circuit for maintaining at least a holding current in a dimmer, the circuit connectable to the dimmer and connectable to a load connected to draw current from the dimmer, the circuit comprising:
a controlled current source connectable to draw current from the dimmer in accordance with a control signal;
a conduction monitor operable to generate a conduction monitor signal indicative of a conduction state of the dimmer;
a current monitor connected to receive at least a portion of the current drawn by the controlled current source and connectable to receive at least a portion of a load current drawn from the dimmer by the load, the current monitor operable to generate a current monitor signal indicative of a magnitude of the current in the current monitor;
a current controller configured to generate the control signal based on the conduction monitor signal and the current monitor signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a supplementary current at least as great as a difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current; and
an excess current bypass configured to shunt current in excess of an excess current threshold away from the current monitor.
2. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the excess current threshold is greater than the holding current.
3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the excess current bypass is connected in parallel with the current monitor.
4. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the current controller is configured to generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a current less than the holding current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current.
5. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the current controller is configured to generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a current equal to the difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current.
6. A holding current circuit for maintaining at least a holding current in a dimmer, the circuit connectable to the dimmer and connectable to a load connected to draw current from the dimmer, the circuit comprising:
a controlled current source connectable to draw current from the dimmer in accordance with a control signal;
a conduction monitor operable to generate a conduction monitor signal indicative of a conduction state of the dimmer;
a current monitor connected to receive at least a portion of the current drawn by the controlled current source and connectable to receive at least a portion of a load current drawn from the dimmer by the load, the current monitor operable to generate a current monitor signal indicative of a magnitude of the current in the current monitor; and
a current controller configured to generate the control signal based on the conduction monitor signal and the current monitor signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a supplementary current at least as great as a difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current
wherein the current controller comprises a conduction dependent reference signal source and a subtractor, the conduction dependent reference signal source configured to generate a conduction dependent reference signal based on the conduction monitor signal, the subtractor configured to generate the control signal based on a difference between the conduction dependent reference signal and the current monitor signal.
7. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the conduction dependent reference signal source is configured to generate the conduction dependent reference signal based at least in part on the current monitor signal during at least part of the time when the dimmer is in conduction, and wherein the conduction dependent reference signal and the current monitor signal are oppositely related to the current in the current monitor.
8. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the conduction dependent reference signal source is configured to provide differently valued conduction dependent reference signals before and after a conduction angle of the dimmer.
9. The circuit of claim 6 wherein:
the current monitor comprises a resistive load and the current monitor signal comprises a voltage across the resistive load;
the conduction dependent reference signal source comprises a conduction dependent voltage reference and the conduction dependent reference signal comprises a conduction dependent reference voltage; and
the controlled current source comprises a voltage controlled current source, the control signal comprising a voltage difference between the conduction dependent reference voltage and the voltage across the resistive load.
10. The circuit of claim 9 wherein the controlled current source comprises a transistor having its base connected to receive the conduction dependent reference voltage, its collector connectable to draw current from the dimmer, and its emitter connected in series with the resistive load.
11. The circuit of claim 9 wherein the controlled current source comprises a transistor having its gate connected to receive the conduction dependent reference voltage, its source connectable to draw current from the dimmer, and its drain connected in series with the resistive load.
12. The circuit of claim 9 comprising a current bypass diode connected in parallel with the current monitor.
13. The circuit of claim 1 further comprising a duty cycle measurement circuit connected to receive the conduction monitor signal and configured to output a duty cycle signal indicative of a duty cycle of a phase-cut voltage provided by the dimmer.
14. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the current controller is configured to receive a disable signal and, when the disable signal is received, generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to not draw supplementary current.
15. An LED lighting assembly connectable to a dimmer, the assembly comprising:
an LED lighting module connectable to draw a load current from the dimmer;
a holding current circuit comprising:
a controlled current source connectable to draw current from the dimmer in accordance with a control signal;
a conduction monitor operable to generate a conduction monitor signal indicative of a conduction state of the dimmer;
a current monitor connected to receive at least a portion of the current drawn by the controlled current source and connected to receive at least a portion of the load current, the current monitor operable to generate a current monitor signal indicative of a magnitude of the current in the current monitor; and
a current controller configured to generate the control signal based on the conduction monitor signal and the current monitor signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a supplementary current at least as great as a difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current; and
an excess current bypass configured to shunt current in excess of an excess current threshold away from the current monitor.
16. The LED lighting assembly of claim 15 comprising a diode bridge rectifier, the LED lighting module and holding current circuit connectable to draw current from the dimmer via the diode bridge rectifier.
17. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the current controller is configured to generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a current less than the holding current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current.
18. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the current controller is configured to generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to draw a current equal to the difference between the holding current and the load current when the dimmer is in conduction and the load current is less than the holding current.
19. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising a duty cycle measurement circuit connected to receive the conduction monitor signal and configured to output a duty cycle signal indicative of a duty cycle of a phase-cut voltage provided by the dimmer.
20. The circuit of claim 6 wherein the current controller is configured to receive a disable signal and, when the disable signal is received, generate the control signal to cause the controlled current source to not draw supplementary current.