Crash-resistant front apron for a rail vehicle

1. A crash-resistant front apron for a rail vehicle, comprising:

a front apron cover;

a first support part which holds the front apron cover;

a second support part which is fixed to a frame of a shell of the rail vehicle; and

a friction coupling release mechanism

which connects the first support part to the second support part via a friction connection, and

which releases the friction connection in the event of a crash of the rail vehicle which causes a twisting of the first support part in relation to the second support part based upon a collision force acting on the front apron cover.

2. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first support part, the second support part and the friction coupling release mechanism are arranged at an end of the front apron cover positioned opposite the front end of the rail vehicle.

3. The front apron as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the first support part, the second support part and the friction coupling release mechanism are arranged on an underside of the shell hanging along an essentially vertical axis.

4. The front apron as claimed in claim 3 ,

wherein the twisting of the first support part in relation to the second part is guided by a guide pin and a corresponding recess, and

wherein the guide pin or the recess are embodied either on the first support part or on the second support part.

5. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first support part, the second support part and the friction coupling release mechanism are arranged on an underside of the shell hanging along an essentially vertical axis.

6. The front apron as claimed in claim 5 ,

wherein the twisting of the first support part in relation to the second part is guided by a guide pin and a corresponding recess, and

wherein the guide pin or the recess are embodied either on the first support part or on the second support part.

7. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the friction coupling release mechanism comprises coupling flanges with friction surfaces facing towards each other, the friction surfaces being pressed against each other by pressure means, and wherein the friction surfaces are separated from each other in the event of a crash of the rail vehicle.

8. The front apron as claimed in claim 7 , wherein a pressure force is adjustable by the pressure means.

9. The front apron as claimed in claim 8 ,

wherein the coupling flanges comprise slots and holes, and

wherein the slots and holes are located opposite one another in pairs and one pressure means is pushed through a slot and hole assigned opposite to the slot.

10. The front apron as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the slots are embodied as elongated holes which extend in the form of an arc to an outer contour of one coupling flange and each pressure means is a screw-nut connection.

11. The front apron as claimed in claim 7 ,

wherein the coupling flanges comprise slots and holes, and

wherein the slots and holes are located opposite one another in pairs and one pressure means is pushed through a slot and a hole assigned opposite to the slot.

12. The front apron as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the slots are embodied as elongated holes which extend in the form of an arc to an outer contour of one coupling flange and each pressure means is a screw-nut connection.

13. The front apron as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the pressure means comprise a pre-tensioned spring element.

14. The front apron as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the friction surfaces in an assembled state lie in a plane which assumes an angle of around 75 degrees in relation to a vertical axis of the rail vehicle.

15. The front apron as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the friction surfaces are coated with a layer resistant to corrosion.

16. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 ,

wherein the front apron cover is articulated on the first support part and is able to be hinged in a horizontal direction,

wherein return means are provided which pull the front apron cover back from a hinged-out position into a position in which an outer contour of the rail vehicle is closed off in a flush configuration, and

wherein the return means transfer the collision force acting in the event of a crash on the front apron cover to the first support part and effect the twisting of the first support part in relation to the second support part.

17. The front apron as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the return means are spring means, which act in the event of a crash, viewed in a lengthwise extent of the spring means, in a direction as a solid body, and either transfer a tension force or a compression force to the first support part.

18. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second support part is attached to the shell by screws, the screws comprising channel nuts which are guided in profile bars embodied in a C-shape, the profile bars being attached to the lower side of the shell by an adhesive bond.

19. The front apron as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first support part and the second support part are made of metal.

20. A cab of a rail vehicle with a crash-resistant front apron, the front apron comprising:

a front apron cover;

a first support part which holds the front apron cover;

a second support part which is fixed to a frame of a shell of the rail vehicle; and

a friction coupling release mechanism

which connects the first support part to the second support part via a friction connection, and

which releases the friction connection in the event of a crash of the rail vehicle which causes a twisting of the first support part in relation to the second support part based upon a collision force acting on the front apron cover.