Desulfurization materials
A particulate desulfurization material includes one or more nickel compounds, a zinc oxide support material, and one or more alkali metal compounds wherein the nickel content of the material is in the range 0.3 to 10% by weight and the alkali metal content of the material is in the range 0.2 to 10% by weight. A method of making the desulfurization material includes the steps: (i) contacting a nickel compound with a particulate zinc support material and an alkali metal compound to form an alkali-doped composition, (ii) shaping the alkali-doped composition, and (iii) drying, calcining, and optionally reducing the resulting material. The desulfurization material may be used to desulfurize hydrocarbon gas streams with reduced levels of hydrocarbon hydrogenolysis.
1. A particulate desulfurization material comprising one or more nickel compounds, one or more copper compounds, a zinc oxide support material, and one or more alkali metal compounds selected from the group consisting of an oxide, carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of sodium, lithium, potassium and cesium, wherein the nickel content of the material is in the range 0.3 to 10% by weight, the copper content of the material is in the range 0.3 to 10% by weight, and the alkali metal content of the material is in the range 0.2 to 10% by weight.
2. A desulfurization material according to claim 1 wherein the nickel compound is selected from the group consisting of nickel metal, nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, nickel nitrate, nickel acetate and nickel hydroxycarbonate.
3. A desulfurization material according to claim 1 wherein the zinc oxide support material is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, a zinc oxide/alumina mixture, and a zinc-alumina hydrotalcite.
4. A desulfurization material according to claim 1 wherein the one or more copper compounds is selected from the group consisting of copper metal, copper oxide, copper hydroxide and copper hydroxycarbonate.
5. A desulfurization material according to claim 1 comprising 0.3-10% by weight nickel, 0.3-10% by weight copper, 1-15% by weight Al 2 O 3 , 0.2 to 10% by weight sodium, 0-10% by weight binder and the balance ZnO.
6. A method of making a desulfurization material according to claim 1 comprising the steps:
(i) mixing the nickel compound and the copper compound with a particulate zinc support material and an alkali metal compound selected from the group consisting of an oxide, carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of sodium, lithium, potassium and cesium to form an alkali-doped composition,
(ii) shaping the alkali-doped composition, and
(iii) drying and calcining, and optionally reducing the resulting material.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the nickel compound is selected from the group consisting of nickel oxide, nickel hydroxide, nickel nitrate, nickel acetate and nickel hydroxycarbonate.
8. A method according to claim 6 wherein the zinc support material is selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, a zinc oxide/alumina mixture, and a zinc-alumina hydrotalcite.
9. A method according to claim 6 wherein the copper compound is selected from the group consisting of copper oxide, copper hydroxide, copper nitrate, copper acetate and copper hydroxycarbonate.
10. A method according to claim 6 wherein the calcined desulfurization material is reduced.
11. A method according to claim 6 wherein the zinc support material comprises one or more precursors that form zinc and/or aluminum oxide upon calcination.
12. A process for the desulfurization of a process fluid stream comprising contacting the stream, in the presence of hydrogen, with a desulfurization material according to claim 1 or as prepared according to claim 6 .