Fluorine derivatives for organic electroluminescence devices

1. A compound of formula (1)

wherein

X is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR 1 or N, wherein a maximum of 3 X groups in each ring are N or wherein two directly adjacent X groups are a unit of formula (7)

wherein the dashed bonds indicate the link of the unit of formula (7) to adjacent C or N atoms;

Y is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a single bond or BR 1 , C(R 1 ) 2 , C(═O), C(═NR 1 ), C(═C(R 1 ) 2 ), Si(R 1 ) 2 , P(═O)R 1 , O, S, S(═O), S(═O) 2 , C(R 1 ) 2 —C(R 1 ) 2 , C(R 1 ) 2 —NR 1 , or CR 1 ═CR 1 ;

is on each occurrence, identically or differently, CR 1 or N, wherein a maximum of two Z in each ring are N;

R is on each occurrence, identically or differently, NAr 2 , C(═O)Ar, P(═O)Ar 2 , or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having from 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 ;

Ar is on each occurrence, identically or differently, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having from 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more non-aromatic radicals R 1 ; wherein two Ar bonded to the same nitrogen or phosphorus atom are optionally linked to one another by a single bond or a bridge selected from the group consisting of B(R 2 ), C(R 2 ) 2 , Si(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, C═NR 2 , C═C(R 2 ) 2 , O, S, S═O, SO 2 , N(R 2 ), P(R 2 ), and P(═O)R 2 ;

R 1 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, F, Cl, Br, I, CHO, N(R 2 ) 2 , N(Ar) 2 , C(═O)Ar, P(═O)(Ar) 2 , S(═O)Ar, S(═O) 2 Ar, CR 2 ═CR 2 Ar, CN, NO 2 , Si(R 2 ) 3 , B(OR 2 ) 2 , B(R 2 ) 2 , B(N(R 2 ) 2 ) 2 , OSO 2 R 2 , a straight-chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group having from 1 to 40 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group having from 3 to 40 C atoms, wherein said straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , wherein one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups in said straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or thioalkoxy group is optionally replaced by R 2 C═CR 2 , C≡C, Si(R 2 ) 2 , Ge(R 2 ) 2 , Sn(R 2 ) 2 , C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR 2 , P(═O)(R 2 ), SO, SO 2 , NR 2 , O, S, or CONR 2 , and wherein one or more H atoms in said straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, or thio-alkoxy group is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, or NO 2 , an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having from 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group haying from 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , or a combination of these systems; and wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 1 optionally define a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic or aromatic ring system with one another;

R 2 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, or an aliphatic, aromatic, and/or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein H atoms of said aliphatic, aromatic, and/or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical is optionally replaced by F; and wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 2 optionally define a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic, or aromatic ring system with one another;

n is 1 or 2; and

with the proviso that said compound of formula (1) does not include the following compound:

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a compound of formula (2), (3), (8), (9), (10), or (11):

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Y is a single bond, C(R 1 ) 2 , O, or NR 1 .

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a compound of formula (2a), (3a), (8a), (8b), (9a), (9b), (10a), (10b), (11a), or (11b):

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a compound of formula (4a) or (4b):

6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a compound of formula (4c), (4d), (8c), (8d), (9c), (9d), (10c), (10d), (11c), or (11d):

7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R or R 1 is N(Ar) 2 , wherein N(Ar) 2 is a group of formula (5) or formula (6):

wherein

is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, or an aliphatic, aromatic, and/or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein H atoms of said aliphatic, aromatic, and/or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical is optionally replaced by F; and wherein two or more adjacent substituents R 2 optionally define a mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic, or aromatic ring system with one another;

E is a single bond, O, S, N(R 2 ), or C(R 2 );

Ar 1 is, identically or differently on each occurrence, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having from 5 to 20 aromatic ring atoms or a triarylamine group having from 15 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, wherein said aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system or said triarylamine group is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 ;

p is on each occurrence, identically or differently, 0 or 1;

and/or

wherein R is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, anthracenyl, phenylanthracenyl, 1-naphthylanthracenyl, 2-naphthylanthracenyl, binaphthyl, pyrenyl, fluoranthenyl, 2-benz-anthracenyl, 3-benzanthracenyl, 4-benzanthracenyl, 5-benzanthracenyl, 6-benzanthracenyl, 7-benzanthracenyl, N-benzimidazolyl, phenyl-N-benzimidazolyl, N-phenylbenzimidazolyl, and phenyl-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl.

8. A process for preparing the compound of claim 1 , comprising (1) reacting bis(3,5-dibromo)benzophenone with a substituted or unsubstituted 2-lithiobiphenyl, 2-lithiodiphenyl ether, 2-lithiodiphenyl thioether, 2-(2-lithiophenyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2-lithiophenyldiphenylamine, or a corresponding Grignard compound to give the corresponding triarylmethanols, (2) cyclizing said triarylmethanols under acidic conditions, and (3) optionally followed by further reaction of the bromine groups.

9. A dimer, trimer, tetramer, pentamer, oligomer, polymer, or den-drimer comprising one or more compounds of claim 1 , wherein one or more radicals R 1 or R 2 are bonds between the compounds of formula (1) in said dimer, trimer, tetramer, or pentamer or are bonds from the compound of formula (1) to said polymer, oligomer, or dendrimer, or wherein this bonding takes place via substituents on the R groups.

10. A mixture comprising at least one compound of claim 1 and at least one further compound.

11. A solution comprising at least one compound of claim 1 and at least one organic solvent.

12. An electronic device comprising at least one compound of claim 1 .

13. The electronic device of claim 12 , wherein said electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices, organic field-effect transistors, organic thin-film transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic integrated circuits, organic solar cells, organic field-quench devices, light-emitting electrochemical cells, organic laser diodes, or organic photo receptors.

14. An organic electroluminescent device comprising the compound of claim 1 as matrix material for fluorescent or phosphorescent compounds.

15. The electronic device of claim 12 , wherein Y is C═O, P(═O), SO, or SO 2 and/or one or more groups R and/or R 1 is a heteroaryl group which is an electron-deficient heterocycle or is C(═O)Ar, S(═O)Ar, S(═O) 2 Ar, or P(═O)Ar 2 and the compound of claim 1 is employed as an electron-transport material or as a hole-blocking material.

16. The electronic device of claim 12 , wherein one or more groups R and/or R 1 is N(Ar) 2 and the compound of claim 1 is employed as hole transport material or as hole injection material or as electron-Hocking material or as exciton-blocking material.

17. The organic electroluminescent device of claim 14 , wherein Y is C═O, P(═O), SO, or SO 2 and/or at least one of groups R and/or R 1 is a heteroaryl group which is an electron-deficient heterocycle, C(═O)Ar, P(═O)Ar 2 , S(═O)Ar, or S(O) 2 Ar.