Apparatus for and method of providing a hip replacement
View Patent ↗A short main incision and portal incisions at portal positions strategically displaced from the main incision are provided in a patient's hip. One portal incision (acetabular portal) provides for a disposition of reamers in the patient's acetabulum to shape the acetabulum. A cannula is inserted through the portal incision to the acetabulum and the successive reamers of progressive size are inserted into the acetabulum through the main incision to progressively size and shape the acetabulum. An approximately hemispherical acetabular component is then disposed in the prepared acetabulum to provide for hip rotation relative to the femoral component. The other portal incision (femoral portal) provides for insertion into the patient's hip of a member for driving the femoral stem into a cavity in the patient's femur. The provision of the short main incision and the portal incision minimizes the patient's loss of blood, tissue trauma, length of operating time and patient recovery time.
1. A surgical method, comprising:
inserting a positioning member of a first tool into a first incision, the first tool including an extension portion that extends from the positioning member at a first end to a holder that holds a first marker member at a second end;
marking a location for a second incision with the first marker member while the positioning member is disposed within an acetabulum;
making the second incision based on the location identified by the first marker member;
reaming the acetabulum using a reamer inserted through the second incision; and
introducing an acetabulum component into the reamed acetabulum.
2. The surgical method of claim 1 , wherein a length of the first incision is greater than a length of the second incision.
3. The surgical method of claim 1 , further comprising:
removing the marker member from the holder;
inserting a cannula through the holder and into the second incision; and
coupling the shaft to the reamer.
4. The surgical method of claim 1 , further comprising:
inserting a drive member of a second tool into the first incision, the second tool having an extension portion that extends from the drive member disposed at a third end to a second marker member disposed at a fourth end;
marking a location for a third incision using the second marker member disposed at the fourth end of the second tool when the drive member is disposed against a femoral stem; and
making the third incision based on the location of the second marker member.
5. The surgical method of claim 4 , further comprising:
inserting a rasp into the third incision; and
preparing a cavity in a femur to receive a femoral stem using the rasp; and
inserting the femoral stem into the cavity formed in the femur.
6. The surgical method of claim 1 , wherein the first incision is anterior to, directly over, or posterior to a greater trochanter of a patient.
7. A surgical method, comprising:
making a first incision having a first length directly over, anterior to, or posterior to a greater trochanter of a patient;
inserting a first end of a first tool into the first incision, the first tool extending from the first end to a second end that includes a holder configured to hold a first marker member;
marking a location for a second incision with the first marker member while the first end of the tool is disposed adjacent to an acetabulum of the patient;
making the second incision having a second length that is shorter than the first length based on the location identified by the first marker member;
inserting a shaft into the second incision;
coupling a reamer to an end of the shaft; and
reaming the acetabulum using the reamer.
8. The surgical method of claim 7 , further comprising introducing an acetabulum component into the reamed acetabulum through the first incision.
9. The surgical method of claim 7 , wherein the first tool includes a curved extension that extends from the first end to the second end such that first end is axially aligned with the second end.
10. The surgical method of claim 7 , further comprising:
inserting a first end of a second tool into the first incision, the second tool having a curved extension that extends to a second end that includes a second marker member;
marking a location for a third incision using the second marker member disposed at the second end of the second tool when the first end of the second tool is disposed against a femoral stem; and
making the third incision having a third length that is shorter than the first length based on the location of the second marker member.
11. The surgical method of claim 10 , further comprising:
inserting a rasp into the third incision; and
preparing a cavity in a femur sized and configured to receive a femoral stem using the rasp; and
inserting the femoral stem into the cavity formed in the femur.
12. The surgical method of claim 10 , wherein the first end of the second tool is axially aligned with the second of the second tool.
13. The surgical method of claim 11 , wherein the third length is approximately equal to the second length.
14. A surgical method, comprising:
inserting a first end of a first tool into a first incision made in a hip of a patient, the first tool including a curved portion that extends to a second end that includes a holder that is axially aligned with the first end;
making a second incision having a second length that is shorter than the first length based on a location identified by the first marker member;
inserting a third end of a second tool into the first incision, the second tool including a curved portion that extends to a fourth end that is axially aligned with the third end; and
making a third incision having a third length that is shorter than the first length based on a location identified by a second marker member coupled to the fourth end of the second tool.
15. The surgical method of claim 14 , further comprising:
inserting a cannula into the second incision;
inserting a shaft through the cannula;
coupling a reamer to an end of the shaft; and
reaming the acetabulum using the reamer.
16. The surgical method of claim 14 , further comprising introducing an acetabulum component into an acetabulum through the first incision.
17. The surgical method of claim 14 , further comprising:
inserting a rasp into the third incision; and
preparing a cavity in a femur sized and configured to receive a femoral stem using the rasp; and
inserting the femoral stem into the cavity formed in the femur.
18. The surgical method of claim 14 , wherein the second length is approximately equal to the third length.