Therapeutic pyrazoloquinoline derivatives
The invention provides a novel chemical series of formula I, as well as methods of use thereof for binding to the benzodiazepine site of the GABA A receptor and modulating GABA A , and use of the compound of formula I for the treatment of GABA A receptor associated disorders. The general structure of formula I is shown below and can exist in tautomeric forms: The invention further provides a method of modulation of one or more GABA A subtypes in an animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I).
1. A method of treating an animal in need of enhancement of memory or cognition comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I):
or a tautomer thereof, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts,
wherein
R is hydrogen, or oxide;
each R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, —CONR a R b , —NR a R b , hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, amino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, and (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
R 2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, and (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R a and R b is independently hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, (C 1 -C 6 )alkylaryl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z aryl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g aryl, —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, arylOC(O)— or arylC(O)—, or R a together with R b form a heterocycle group optionally substituted with one or more R d ; wherein the heterocycle group optionally include one or more groups selected from O (oxygen), S (sulfur), and NR c ;
each R c is independently hydrogen, (C 2 -C 6 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 6 )alkynyl, —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)Oaryl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, arylO(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g aryl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z aryl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, arylC(O)—, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R d is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, oxo, hydroxy, —C(O)NR e R f , —NR e R f , hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, aryl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, and (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R e and R f is independently selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, (C 1 -C 6 )alkylaryl, aryl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z aryl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, arylC(O)—, arylOC(O)—, or —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl;
R g is hydrogen, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
Ar is aryl optionally substituted with one or more M or heteroaryl optionally substituted with one or more M;
each Q is independently hydrogen, halo, oxo, hydroxy, —C(O)NR a R b , —NR a R b , (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with one or more R d , hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with one or more R d , aryl optionally substituted with one or more R d , or aryl(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with one or more R d ;
each M is independently hydrogen, halo, CF 3 , CF 2 H, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, —NR a R b , aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycle;
each X is independently NL, oxygen, C(Q) 2 , or S(O) z ;
each L is independently hydrogen, (C 2 -C 6 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 6 )alkynyl, —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)Oaryl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, arylO(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —CONR e R f , —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z aryl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, arylC(O)—, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, or(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
p is an integer selected from 0, 1, 2 and 3,
z is an integer selected from 0, 1, and 2; and
n is an integer selected from 0, 1, and 2.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
each R 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, cyano, —CONR a R b , —NR a R b , hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, amino(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, and (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R a and R b is independently hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, or —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, or R a together with R b form a heterocycle group optionally substituted with one or more R d ; wherein the heterocycle group optionally comprise one or more groups selected from the group consistion of O (oxygen), S (sulfur), and NR c ;
each R c is independently hydrogen, (C 2 -C 6 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 6 )alkynyl, —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R d is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, oxo, hydroxy, —C(O)NR e R f , —NR e R f , hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, and (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro;
each R e and R f is independently selected from hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —S(O) z NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, or —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl;
R g is hydrogen, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro; and
each L is independently hydrogen, (C 2 -C 6 )alkenyl, (C 2 -C 6 )alkynyl, —C(O)O(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, hydroxy(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, —CONR e R f , —S(O) z (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, —C(O)NR g (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy optionally substituted with up to 5 fluoro.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein wherein said animal has an anxiety disorder, sleep disorder, depression, or schizophrenia.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said animal has Parkinson's disease, or Huntington's disease.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said animal has head trauma.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the animal is an aged animal.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said animal has Alzheimer's disease.