Process for producing high-alloy seamless tube
A starting material to be extruded made of a high alloy comprising, in mass %, Cr: 20 to 30% and Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less is heated to a temperature predetermined according to the contents of Mo and W and is subjected to a hot-extrusion process, the heating temperature T (° C.) satisfying a relationship of Formula (1), (2), or (3), which is expressed in terms of the average cross-sectional area A (mm 2 ) of the starting material to be extruded, the extrusion ratio EL (−), and the extrusion speed V (mm/s). As a result, a high-alloy seamless tube can be produced without generating cracking and/or seam flaws. When 0%≦Mo+0.5W<4%: T ≦1343−0.001322× A −1.059× EL −0.129× V (1) When 4%≦Mo+0.5W<7%: T ≦1316−0.001322× A −1.059× EL −0.129× V (2) When 7%≦Mo+0.5W: T ≦1289−0.001322× A −1.059× EL −0.129× V (3)
1. A process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube, wherein a starting material to be extruded made of a high alloy comprising, in mass %, Cr: 20 to 30% and Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less is heated to a temperature predetermined according to the contents of Mo and W and subjected to a hot-extrusion process by the Ugine-Sejournet tube-making method, the heating temperature (T) satisfying a relationship of Formula (1), (2), or (3) as below, which is expressed in terms of the average cross-sectional area (A) of the starting material to be extruded, the extrusion ratio (EL), and the extrusion speed (V), the extrusion process being carried out with an average extrusion speed from start to finish being in the range of 80 mm/s or more to 200 mm/s or less, while with the extrusion ratio being 10 or less:
when 0%≦Mo+0.5W<4%,
T≦ 1343−0.001322 ×A− 1.059 ×EL− 0.129 ×V (1);
when 4%≦Mo+0.5W<7%,
T≦ 1316−0.001322 ×A− 1.059 ×EL− 0.129 ×V (2); and
when 7%≦Mo+0.5W,
T≦ 1289−0.001322× A− 1.059 ×EL× 0.129 ×V (3),
where A and EL in Formulae (1) to (3) are determined by the following Formulae (4) and (5):
A=π×t 0 ×( d 0 −t 0 ) (4); and
EL=L 1 /L 0 (5),
given that each symbol in the above Formulae (1) to (5) means the following quantity:
Mo: Mo content in the starting material to be extruded (mass %),
W: W content in the starting material to be extruded (mass %),
T: Heating temperature of the starting material to be extruded (° C.),
A: Average cross-sectional area of the starting material to be extruded (mm 2 ),
EL: Extrusion ratio (−),
V: Extrusion speed (mm/s),
d 0 : Average outside diameter of the starting material to be extruded (mm),
t 0 : Average wall thickness of the starting material to be extruded (mm),
L 0 : Length of the starting material to be extruded (mm), and
L 1 : Length of the extruded tube (mm).
2. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the heating temperature of the starting material to be extruded is 1130° C. or more.
3. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the length of the starting material to be extruded is 1.5 m or less.
4. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 3 , wherein the outer surface temperature of the starting material to be extruded is 1000° C. or more.
5. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
6. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 2 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
7. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
8. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
9. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 3 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
10. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 4 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
11. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 1 , wherein the starting material to be extruded comprises, in mass %, C: 0.04% or less, Si: 1.0% or less, Mn: 0.01 to 5.0%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Ni: more than 22% and 60% or less, Cr: 20 to 30%, Cu: 0.01 to 4.0%, Al: 0.001 to 0.30%, N: 0.005 to 0.50%, and optionally one or two elements selected from a group consisted of Mo: 11.5% or less and W: 20% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities.
12. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 5 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.
13. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 6 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.
14. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 7 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.
15. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 8 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.
16. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 9 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.
17. The process for producing a high-alloy seamless tube according to claim 10 , wherein the starting material to be extruded contains, in mass %, one or more elements selected from a group consisted of Ca: 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.01% or less, and rare earth metals: 0.2% or less, instead of a part of Fe.