Evaporators for use in heat transfer systems, apparatus including such evaporators and related methods
View Patent ↗An evaporator includes a liquid barrier wall made of a ceramic material, a vapor barrier wall made of a ceramic material, and a wick made of a ceramic material and being positioned between the liquid barrier wall and the vapor barrier wall.
1. A method of making an evaporator, the method comprising:
bonding a first side of a ceramic wick to a vapor barrier wall at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall to form a wick/vapor assembly;
bonding a second side of the ceramic wick opposing the first side to a liquid barrier wall at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall using a glass sealing material, a metal braze sealing material, or a solder material;
forming a vapor channel at the interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall; and
forming a liquid channel at the interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a port through the liquid barrier wall.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising adhering a liquid line to a portion of the liquid barrier wall forming the port using an epoxy.
4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising sealing a liquid line to a portion of the liquid barrier wall forming the port using a solder, a glass, or a braze.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming the liquid barrier wall using stereolithography.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming the vapor barrier wall using stereolithography.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein bonding a second side of the ceramic wick to a liquid barrier wall comprises bonding the liquid barrier wall comprising a ceramic material to the second side of the ceramic wick.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting the liquid barrier wall to exhibit an at least substantially planar inner side positioned adjacent the wick.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein bonding a ceramic wick to a vapor barrier wall comprises bonding the ceramic wick to the vapor barrier wall comprising a ceramic material.
10. A method of making an evaporator, the method comprising:
disposing a wick comprising a ceramic material between a substantially planar vapor barrier wall comprising a ceramic material and a substantially planar liquid barrier wall comprising a ceramic material;
forming a plurality of vapor channels at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall on a first side of the wick; and
forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall on a second side of the wick opposing the first side.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
bonding the ceramic wick to the liquid barrier wall; and
bonding the ceramic wick to the vapor barrier wall.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
forming the liquid barrier wall from a ceramic material; and
forming the vapor barrier wall from a ceramic material.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a plurality of vapor channels at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall comprises forming the plurality of vapor channels in the wick.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a plurality of vapor channels at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall comprises forming the plurality of vapor channels in the vapor barrier wall.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a plurality of vapor channels at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall comprises forming the plurality of vapor channels in both the wick and the vapor barrier wall.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall comprises forming the liquid channel in the wick.
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall comprises forming the liquid channel in the liquid barrier wall.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall comprises forming the liquid channel in both the wick and the liquid barrier wall.
19. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall comprises forming the liquid channel to exhibit a trapezoidal shape along a cross-section normal to fluid flow to facilitate separation of vapor from liquid.
20. The method of claim 10 , further comprising forming at least one fluid port extending through the liquid barrier wall to a portion of the liquid channel.
21. The method of claim 10 , further comprising forming at least one of the vapor barrier wall and the wick to be electrically insulating.
22. A method of making an evaporator, the method comprising:
bonding a first side of a ceramic wick to a vapor barrier wall to faun a wick/vapor assembly;
bonding a second side of the ceramic wick opposing the first side to a liquid barrier wall using a glass sealing material, a metal braze sealing material, or a solder material;
forming a vapor channel at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall;
forming a liquid channel at an interface between the wick and the liquid barrier wall; and
selecting the liquid barrier wall to comprise an annular wall formed within the evaporator and receiving the wick at least partially within the annular wall.
23. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting the liquid barrier wall to exhibit a thermal conductivity that is less than the thermal conductivity of at least one of the wick and the vapor barrier wall.
24. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting the wick to exhibit a thermal conductivity that is less than the thermal conductivity of the vapor barrier wall.