Promoted copper/zinc catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols
View Patent ↗A catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols includes a combination of copper oxide and zinc oxide and promoters including one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and/or one or more transition metal promoters. The promoters may be combined with copper oxide and zinc oxide after formation of a copper/zinc precursor material.
1. A catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols comprising from about 10 to about 70 wt. % copper oxide, from about 30 to about 90 wt. % zinc oxide and one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and one or more transition metal promoters.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, barium and mixtures thereof.
3. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, silver, and mixtures thereof.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the promoters consist essentially of one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and one or more transition metal promoters.
5. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal promoter comprises from about 0.1 to about 9.0 wt % of the catalyst after conversion to an oxide form.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal promoter comprises from about 0.8 to about 4.0 wt % of the catalyst after conversion to an oxide form.
7. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the transition metal promoter comprises from about 0.1 to about 7 wt. % of the catalyst after conversion to an oxide form.
8. The catalyst of claim 7 wherein the transition metal oxide promoter comprises from about 0.5 to about 4 wt. % of the catalyst.
9. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the promoters are combined with the copper oxide and zinc oxide only after precursors of the copper oxide and precursors of zinc oxide have been combined to form a precursor material.
10. A process for preparation of a catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols comprising:
preparing a blend of a zinc compound and a copper compound to form a zinc/copper precursor material after formation of the blend of the copper compound and the zinc compound;
mixing promoters comprising one or more alkaline earth metal compounds and one or more transition metal compounds, with the zinc/copper precursor material,
calcining the mixture; and
forming the catalyst.
11. The process of claim 10 wherein the promoters consist essentially of one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and one or more transition metal promoters.
12. The process of claim 10 wherein the promoters are not combined with a zinc salt to produce a precursor material during production of the catalyst.
13. The process of claim 11 wherein the promoters are not combined with a zinc salt to produce a precursor material during production of the catalyst.
14. A catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols comprising about 20 to 50% by weight of copper oxide, about 50 to 80% by weight of zinc oxide, about 0.8 to about 4% by weight of a magnesium compound and from about 0.1 to about 3% by weight of a nickel compound or a silver compound.
15. A process of hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols comprising contacting an aldehyde in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas with the catalyst of claim 1 at a temperature of at least about 100° C. and a pressure from atmospheric up to about 600 psig.