Powder treatment for enhanced flowability
A method of enhancing the flowability of a powder. The powder is defined by a plurality of particles having an initial level of inter-particle forces between each particle. The method comprises: treating the powder, wherein the level of inter-particle forces between each particle is substantially decreased from the initial level; fluidizing the treated powder; flowing the treated powder into a plasma arc chamber; the plasma arc chamber generating a plasma arc; and the plasma arc chamber operating on the treated powder using the generated plasma arc. Preferably, the inter-particle forces are decreased by coating the particles with an organic surfactant.
1. A method of enhancing the flowability of a powder to produce nanoparticles, the powder defined by a plurality of particles having an initial level of inter-particle forces between each particle, the method comprising:
coating the powder with an organic material, wherein the level of inter-particle forces between each particle is substantially decreased from the initial level;
fluidizing the coated powder;
flowing the coated powder into a plasma arc chamber;
the plasma arc chamber generating a plasma arc;
the generated plasma arc vaporizing the coated powder
in order to nano-size the powder to produce nanoparticles.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic material is a surfactant.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is a non-oxide.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is an oxide and the organic material is a material selected from the group consisting of trialkoxysilane, alkyltrialkoxysilane, trialkylalkoxysilane, trialkyldimethylaminosilane, trialkylchlorosilane, and octyltriethoxysilane.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein coating the powder comprises:
disposing the powder in a solvent within a container, wherein the solvent comprises the organic material;
agitating the combination of the powder and the solvent in the container;
coating the plurality of particles with the organic material; and
separating substantially all of the remaining solvent from the coated powder.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organic material is a surfactant.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is a non-oxide.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the solvent further comprises a hydrocarbon.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrocarbon is toluene.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the hydrocarbon is cyclohexane.
13. The method of claim 6 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is an oxide and the organic material is a material selected from the group consisting of trialkoxysilane, alkyltrialkoxysilane, trialkylalkoxysilane, trialkyldimethylaminosilane, trialkylchlorosilane, and octyltriethoxysilane.
14. The method of claim 6 , wherein separating substantially all of the solvent from the coated powder comprises decanting substantially all of the remaining solvent from the container.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising the step of drying the coated powder.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the step of drying comprises applying heat and vacuum pressure to the coated powder.
17. A method of enhancing the flowability of a powder to produce nanoparticles, the powder defined by a plurality of particles having an initial level of inter-particle forces between each particle, the method comprising:
disposing the powder in a solvent within a container, wherein the solvent comprises an organic material;
coating the plurality of particles with the organic material;
separating substantially all of the remaining solvent from the coated powder, wherein the level of inter-particle forces between each particle is substantially decreased from the initial level;
fluidizing the coated powder;
flowing the coated powder into a plasma arc chamber;
the plasma arc chamber generating a plasma arc;
the generated plasma arc vaporizing the coated powder; and
in order to nano-size the powder to produce nanoparticles.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the organic material is a surfactant.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the solvent further comprises a hydrocarbon.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the hydrocarbon is toluene.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the hydrocarbon is cyclohexane.
23. The method of claim 19 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is a non-oxide.
24. The method of claim 17 , wherein each particle in the plurality of particles is an oxide and the organic material is a material selected from the group consisting of trialkoxysilane, alkyltrialkoxysilane, trialkylalkoxysilane, trialkyldimethylaminosilane, trialkylchlorosilane, and octyltriethoxysilane.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein separating substantially all of the remaining solvent from the coated powder comprises decanting substantially all of the solvent from the container.
26. The method of claim 25 , further comprising the step of drying the coated powder.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the step of drying comprises applying heat and vacuum pressure to the coated powder.