Sintered valve guide and production method therefor
View Patent ↗A sintered valve guide exhibits a metallic structure having a mixed structure and a hard phase in which hard particles are dispersed in an alloy matrix. The mixed structure consists of pearlite, an Fe—P—C ternary eutectic phase, a ferrite phase, a copper phase, and pores, and the mixed structure consists of, by mass %, 0.075 to 0.525% of P, 3.0 to 10.0% of Cu, 1.0 to 3.0% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The hard phase is dispersed at 2 to 15 mass % in the mixed structure.
1. A sintered valve guide exhibiting a metallic structure having a mixed structure and a hard phase in which hard particles are dispersed in an alloy matrix,
the mixed structure consisting of pearlite, an Fe—P—C ternary eutectic phase, a ferrite phase, a copper phase, and pores,
the mixed structure consisting of, by mass %, 0.075 to 0.525% of P, 3.0 to 10.0% of Cu, 1.0 to 3.0% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and
the hard phase being dispersed at 2 to 15 mass % in the mixed structure.
2. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein the hard particles are concentrated in the alloy matrix of the hard phase.
3. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein the alloy matrix of the hard phase is one kind of an iron-based alloy and a cobalt-based alloy, and the hard particles are at least one kind selected from the group consisting of molybdenum silicides, chromium carbides, molybdenum carbides, vanadium carbides, and tungsten carbides.
4. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein the hard phase is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of
(A) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(B) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, at least one of 0.3 to 3.0% of Mo and 0.2 to 2.2% of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(C) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 8% of Mo, 0.5 to 3% of V, 4 to 8% of W, 2 to 6% of Cr, 0.6 to 1.2% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(D) a hard phase consisting of by mass %, 0.5 to 10% of Si, 10 to 50% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(E) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 0.5 to 10% of Si, 10 to 50% of Mo, at least one selected from the group consisting of 0.5 to 10% of Cr, 0.5 to 10% of Ni, and 0.5 to 5% of Mn, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and
(F) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 1.5 to 3.5% of Si, 7 to 11% of Cr, 26 to 30% of Mo, and the balance of Co and inevitable impurities.
5. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein at least one kind selected from the group consisting of manganese sulfide, calcium fluoride, molybdenum disulfide, and magnesium metasilicate minerals is dispersed at not more than 2 mass % in the metallic structure.
6. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein the hard phase is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of
(A) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(B) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, at least one of 0.3 to 3.0% of Mo and 0.2 to 12% of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(C) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 8% of Mo, 0.5 to 3% of V, 4 to 8% of W, 2 to 6% of Cr, 0.6 to 1.2% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(D) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 0.5 to 10% of Si, 10 to 50% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and
(E) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 1.5 to 3.5% of Si, 7 to 11% of Cr, 26 to 30% of Mo, and the balance of Co and inevitable impurities.
7. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein at least one kind selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoride, molybdenum disulfide, and magnesium metasilicate minerals (i) is present and dispersed in metallic structure and (ii) does not exceed more than 2 mass % of the metallic structure.
8. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein at least one kind selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoride and magnesium metasilicate minerals (i) is present and dispersed in the metallic structure and (ii) does not exceed more than 2 mass % of the metallic structure.
9. The sintered valve guide according to claim 1 , wherein the hard particles are at least one kind selected from the group consisting of chromium carbides, molybdenum carbides, vanadium carbides, and tungsten carbides.
10. A sintered valve guide exhibiting a metallic structure having a mixed structure and a hard phase in which hard particles are dispersed in an alloy matrix, the alloy matrix being an iron-based alloy or an iron-chromium alloy,
the mixed structure consisting of pearlite, an Fe—P—C ternary eutectic phase, a ferrite phase, a copper phase, and pores,
the mixed structure consisting of, by mass %, 0.075 to 0.525% of P, 3.0 to 10.0% of Cu, 1.0 to 3.0% of C, not more than 1.1 mass % of Sn, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the hard phase being dispersed at 2 to 15 mass % in the mixed structure, and the copper phase is partially or wholly made of a copper-tin alloy phase.
11. The sintered valve guide according to claim 10 , wherein the hard phase is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of
(A) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(B) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 25% of Cr, 0.25 to 2.4% of C, at least one of 0.3 to 3.0% of Mo and 0.2 to 2.2% of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities,
(C) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 4 to 8% of Mo, 0.5 to 3% of V, 4 to 8% of W, 2 to 6% of Cr, 0.6 to 1.2% of C, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and
(D) a hard phase consisting of, by mass %, 0.5 to 10% of Si, 10 to 50% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
12. The sintered valve guide according to claim 10 , wherein at least one kind selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoride, molybdenum disulfide, and magnesium metasilicate minerals (i) is present and dispersed in metallic structure and (ii) does not exceed more than 2 mass % of the metallic structure.
13. The sintered valve guide according to claim 10 , wherein at least one kind selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoride and magnesium metasilicate minerals (i) is present and dispersed in the metallic structure and (ii) does not exceed more than 2 mass % of the metallic structure.