Methods and compositions for liquidation of tumors
This invention relates to compositions and methods for immunotherapy of cancer. Specifically, a method of cancer immunotherapy is described which results in the systemic liquidation of both solid and metastatic tumors whereever they reside in the body. The compositions include activated allogeneic Th1 cells that when administered appropriately lead to liquidation of tumors. The method includes administering priming doses of the therapeutic composition, ablation of a selected tumor lesion along with intratumoral injection of the composition and then infusion of the therapeutic composition. These steps enable the systemic liquidation of tumors secondary to immune cell infiltration and leads to immune-mediated tumor eradication.
1 . A therapeutic composition comprising:
at least one foreign antigen;
at least one Type I inflammatory cytokine; and
at least one effector molecule capable of causing maturation of dendritic cells.
2 . The composition of claim 1 where the foreign antigen is an alloantigen.
3 . The composition of claim 2 wherein the foreign antigen is expressed on T-cells.
4 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the inflammatory cytokines are produced from living immune cells.
5 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the effector molecule is CD40L.
6 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the inflammatory cytokines are selected from one or more of the following: IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, GM-CSF, IL-12.
7 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the effector molecule is expressed on the surface of immune cells.
8 . The composition of claim 1 where the effector molecule is a ligand for a Toll-like receptor.
9 . The composition of claim 3 wherein the T-cells are CD4+ T-cells.
10 . The composition of claim 9 wherein the CD4+ T-cells are Th1 cells.
11 . The composition of claim 10 wherein the Th1 cells is activated.
12 . The composition of claim 11 wherein the Th1 cell is activated by cross-linking of CD3 and CD28 surface molecules.
13 . The composition of claim 12 wherein the cross-linking of CD3 and CD28 surface molecules is accomplished with immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs.
14 . The composition of claim 13 wherein the anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mabs are immobilized on nano- or micro-microparticles.
15 . The composition of claim 14 wherein the nano- or microparticles are biodegradable.
16 . The composition of claim 1 suspended in a media suitable for infusion.
17 . The composition of claim 16 wherein the composition is packaged in a syringe.
18 . The composition of claim 1 embedded on a wafer or chip
19 . A method to transform tumors to a liquefied state comprising:
priming with a therapeutic composition comprising a foreign antigen to create Th1 immunity against the foreign antigen;
ablating a selected tumor or tumors wherein the ablation results in death of at least some of the tumor;
creating an inflammatory microenvironment in proximity of the dead tumor lesion; and
activating adaptive and innate immune cells.
20 . The method of claim 19 wherein the priming comprises administration of multiple doses of the foreign antigen to stimulate Th1 immunity.
21 . The method of claim 19 wherein the therapeutic composition comprises an alloantigen.
22 . The method of claim 21 wherein the alloantigen is expressed on a CD4+ T-cell.
23 . The method of claim 22 wherein the CD4+ T-cell is a Th1 cell.
24 . The method of claim 23 wherein the Th1 cells are activated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies that are crosslinked to deliver a T-cell activation signal.
25 . The method of claim 24 wherein the anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies are crosslinked to deliver a T-cell activation signal by immobilization of the antibodies on a microbead or a nanobead.
26 . The method of claim 25 wherein the beads are biodegradable.
27 . The method of claim 16 wherein the ablation of the tumor is by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, electroporation, biologic therapy, anti-angiogenic therapy or combinations thereof.
28 . The method of claim 19 wherein the inflammatory microenvironment is created by intratumoral administration of the therapeutic composition resulting in release of Th1 cytokines.
29 . The method of claim 19 wherein the activation is caused by administration of the therapeutic composition.
30 . The method of claim 16 wherein the activation is caused by intravenous infusion of the therapeutic composition.
31 . A method of stimulating and maintaining a Th1 response in a patient comprising:
priming the patient with a therapeutic composition comprising at least one foreign antigen, at least one effector molecule capable of causing maturation of dendritic cells and at least one Th1 cytokine; and
administering the therapeutic composition periodically to the patient.
32 . The method of claim 31 wherein the priming is performed by administering the therapeutic composition intradermally.
33 . The method of claim 31 wherein the therapeutic composition is periodically administered intravenously.
34 . The method of claim 31 wherein the therapeutic composition is administered at least every two days.
35 . A method for liquidation of a tumor in a patient comprising:
priming the patient with a therapeutic composition comprising at least one foreign antigen, at least one effector molecule capable of causing maturation of dendritic cells and at least one Th1 cytokine;
ablating the tumor using a method that results in necrosis of the tumor;
administering the therapeutic composition intratumorally; and
infusing the therapeutic composition to activate adaptive and innate immune cells.
36 . The method of claim 35 wherein the effector molecule is CD40L.
37 . The method of claim 35 wherein the Th1 cytokine is selected from one or more of the following: IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, GM-CSF, IL-12.
38 . A method of liquidation of a tumor in a patient comprising:
creating a de novo Th1 response in the patient while suppressing a Th2 response;
providing a source of tumor antigens generated by necrotic death of the cancer cells;
providing an inflammatory environment consistent with a Th1 response for maturation of dendritic cells that respond to the tumor antigens; and
disabling tumor immunoavoidance mechanisms by maintaining the Th1 response.
39 . The method of claim 38 wherein the de novo Th1 response is created by priming the patient with a therapeutic composition.
40 . The method of claim 38 wherein the tumor antigens are generated in situ.
41 . The method of claim 38 wherein the tumor antigens are generated by ablation of the tumor.
42 . The method of claim 38 wherein the tumor antigens are generated by cryoablation.
43 . The method of claim 38 wherein the maturation of dendritic cells in an inflammatory environment is provided by administering the therapeutic composition intratumorally.
44 . The method of claim 38 wherein the tumor avoidance mechanisms are disabled by infusing the therapeutic composition.
45 . The method of claim 44 wherein the infusion is intravenous.
46 . The method of claim 38 wherein the therapeutic composition comprises activated allogeneic Th1 cells.