Method for producing furfural from lignocellulosic biomass material
A method for producing furfural from lignocellulosic biomass material is provided, comprising (a) contacting the lignocellulosic biomass material with a mixture comprising water and an organic acid at a temperature of at least 100° C. and a pressure of at most 10 bar (absolute) to obtain a first liquid stream comprising hydrolyzed hemicellulose and a second stream comprising lignin and cellulose; (b) maintaining the first liquid stream comprising hydrolyzed hemicellulose at a temperature of at least 130° C. to obtain a second liquid stream comprising furfural; and (c) separating the furfural obtained in step b) from the second liquid stream.
1. A method for producing furfural from lignocellulosic biomass material, comprising the steps of:
a) contacting the lignocellulosic biomass material with a mixture comprising water and an organic acid at a temperature of at least 100° C. and a pressure of at most 10 bar (absolute) to obtain a first liquid stream comprising hydrolysed hemicellulose and a second stream comprising lignin and cellulose;
b) maintaining the first liquid stream comprising hydrolysed hemicellulose at a temperature of at least 130° C. to obtain a second liquid stream comprising furfural; and
c) separating the furfural obtained in step b) from the second liquid stream, wherein part of the obtained first liquid stream comprising hydrolysed hemicellulose is recycled and contacted with lignocellulosic biomass material in step a).
2. The process of claim 1 further comprising contacting the second stream obtained in step (a) with water thereby removing remnants of hydrolysed hemicelluloses in said second stream.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and mixtures thereof.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the mixture comprising water and the organic acid further comprises an inorganic acid.
5. The process of claim 4 wherein the inorganic acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and mixtures thereof.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of organic acid present is in the range from 0.1 to 20% by weight.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein step b) is carried out in a batch reactor, a plug flow reactor or a continuously stirred tank reactor.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein step b) is carried out in the presence of an additional inorganic acid catalyst.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the inorganic acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
10. The process of claim 8 further comprising adding the inorganic acid catalyst in step b), and recycling at least part of the second liquid stream obtained as a product in step (b) to step a).
11. The process of claim 1 wherein step b) is carried out for an average time of between 0.5 minutes and 120 minutes to obtain the second liquid stream.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein step c) is carried out by at least one of distillation, extraction and/or extractive distillation.