Plug resistant nozzle for fluidization of particulates
View Patent ↗Apparatus, systems, and methods for fluidizing particulates in a fluid/particulate mixture. A nozzle can include a gas entry segment, a gas exit segment, and an access segment. The gas exit segment can be coupled to the gas entry segment, and a longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment can be oriented at an angle of between about 70° and about 110° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment. The access segment can be coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, and a longitudinal axis of the access segment can be substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment.
1. A nozzle, comprising:
a gas entry segment;
a gas exit segment coupled to the gas entry segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment is oriented at an angle of between about 70° and about 110° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment; and
an access segment coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment,
wherein a longitudinal axis of the access segment is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment,
wherein a first end of the access segment is coupled to a flange and a second end of the access segment is coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, and
wherein the flange closes the first end of the access segment.
2. A nozzle, comprising:
a gas entry segment;
a gas exit segment coupled to the gas entry segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment is oriented at an angle of between about 70° and about 110° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment; and
an access segment coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment,
wherein a longitudinal axis of the access segment is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment,
wherein a first end of the access segment is coupled to a flange and a second end of the access segment is coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment,
wherein the flange is a blind flange configured to close the first end of the access segment, and
wherein a removable plug or a removable stopper is at least partially disposed within the access segment.
3. A nozzle, comprising:
a gas entry segment;
a gas exit segment coupled to the gas entry segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment is oriented at an angle of between about 80° and about 100° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment; and
an access segment coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the access segment is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment,
wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa,
wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than about 6:1,
wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than about 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than about 5 cm,
wherein a first end of the access segment is coupled to a flange, a second end of the access segment is coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, and a removable plug or a removable stopper is at least partially disposed within the access segment,
wherein the flange is a blind flange configured to close the first end of the access segment, and
wherein the removable plug or the removable stopper is disposed within the access segment and extends from the first end to the second end of the access segment.
4. The nozzle of claim 3 , wherein an innermost end of the gas exit segment is flush with an inner surface of a refractory layer disposed on an inner surface of a pressure shell.
5. A pressure vessel comprising a pressure shell, a nozzle, and a refractory liner disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the pressure shell, the nozzle comprising:
a gas entry segment;
a gas exit segment coupled to the gas entry segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the as exit segment is oriented at an angle of between about 80° and about 100° with respect to a longitudinal axis of the gas entry segment; and
an access segment coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment, wherein a longitudinal axis of the access segment is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the gas exit segment,
wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa.
wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than about 6:1,
wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than about 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than about 5 cm,
wherein a first end of the access segment is coupled to a flange, a second end of the access segment is coupled to the gas entry segment and the gas exit segment. and a removable plug or a removable stopper is at least partially disposed within the access segment,
wherein the flange is a blind flange configured to close the first end of the access segment,
wherein the removable plug or the removable stopper is disposed within the access segment and extends from the first end to the second end of the access segment and
wherein the refractory layer defines a hole that extends from an innermost end of the gas exit segment to an inner surface of the refractory layer, and wherein the hole is aligned with the gas exit segment.
6. The nozzle of claim 3 , wherein the nozzle is made from a steel alloy.
7. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein an innermost end of the gas exit segment is flush with an inner surface of a refractory layer disposed on an inner surface of a pressure shell.
8. The nozzle of claim 1 , further comprising a refractory layer disposed on an inner surface of a pressure shell, wherein the refractory layer defines a hole that extends from an innermost end of the gas exit segment to an inner surface of the refractory layer, and wherein the hole is aligned with the gas exit segment.
9. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa.
10. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 6:1.
11. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 15cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 5 cm.
12. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 6:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 5 cm.
13. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa, wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 6:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 5 cm.
14. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa, wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 12:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 60 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm.
15. The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the removable plug or the removable stopper is disposed within the access segment and extends from the first end to the second end of the access segment.
16. The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein an innermost end of the gas exit segment is flush with an inner surface of a refractory layer disposed on an inner surface of a pressure shell.
17. The nozzle of claim 2 , further comprising a refractory layer disposed on an inner surface of a pressure shell, wherein the refractory layer defines a hole that extends from an innermost end of the gas exit segment to an inner surface of the refractory layer, and wherein the hole is aligned with the gas exit segment.
18. The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 6:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 5 cm.
19. The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa, wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 6:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 5 cm.
20. The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the nozzle is made from a metal and adapted to withstand a pressure of about 3,000 kPa to about 70,000 kPa, wherein the gas exit segment has a length to inner cross-sectional width ratio of less than 12:1, and wherein a length of the gas exit segment is less than 60 cm and the inner cross-sectional width of the gas exit segment is less than 15 cm.
21. The pressure vessel of claim 5 , wherein an innermost end of the gas exit segment is flush with an inner surface of the refractory layer.