Durable Antimicrobial Composition
The present invention relates to compositions having durable antimicrobial activity. The compositions include a carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation, an organic acid, hydrogen peroxide and a cationic polymer. The cationic polymer includes either a (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride monomer or a [2-(acrylolyoxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride monomer. The cationic polymer also includes another monomer selected from a polar, water-soluble monomer, a hydrophobic, silicone-containing monomer or mixtures of both types of monomers in combination with one of the trimethylammonium chloride monomers.
1 . A composition having durable antimicrobial activity comprising:
a carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation;
an organic acid;
hydrogen peroxide; and
a cationic polymer that includes a (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride monomer combined with another monomer selected from a polar, water-soluble monomer, a hydrophobic, silicone-containing monomer and mixtures thereof.
2 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the polar, water-soluble monomer is selected from vinyl pyrrolidinone, hydroxyl ethyl acrylate, hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate, N,N′-dimethyl acrylamide, acrylamide and N-isopropyl acrylamide.
3 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic, silicone-containing monomer is selected from unsubstituted or substituted vinyl or ethynyl group terminated siloxyl compounds, comprising monomethacryloxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, methacryloxypropyl tris(trimethylsiloxysilane) and methacryloxypropyl terminated T-structure siloxane.
4 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation is selected from dioctyldimethylammonium carbonate, decyloctyldimethylammonium carbonate, didecyldimethylammonium carbonate, benzalkonium carbonate, benzethonium carbonate, stearalkonium carbonate, cetrimonium carbonate, behentrimonium carbonate, dioctyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, decyloctyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, benzalkonium bicarbonate, benzethonium bicarbonate, stearalkonium bicarbonate, cetrimonium bicarbonate, behentrimonium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof.
5 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the organic acid is selected from citric, malic, maleic, oxalic, glutaric, succinic, lactic, glycolic, fumaric, acetic, benzoic, propionic, sorbic, tartaric, formic and mixtures thereof.
6 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition further comprises urea.
7 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition retains antimicrobial activity after twenty-five insults of E. coli as measured by a log 2 reduction in organisms upon the twenty-fifth insult of 10 6 total organisms.
8 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is effective against Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, enveloped viruses, non-enveloped viruses, fungi, fungal spores, mildew and mold.
9 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition includes from 0.2% by weight to 15.0% by weight of the carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation.
10 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition includes from 0.1% by weight to 3.0% by weight of the organic acid.
11 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition includes from 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.
12 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition includes from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight of cationic polymer.
13 . The composition of claim 12 wherein the cationic polymer includes from 0.70 to 0.90 mole fraction of (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride monomer.
14 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is incorporated into a nonwoven basesheet.
15 . A composition having durable antibacterial activity comprising:
a carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation;
an organic acid;
hydrogen peroxide; and
a cationic polymer that includes [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride monomer combined with another monomer selected from a polar, water-soluble monomer, a hydrophobic, silicone-containing monomer and mixtures thereof.
16 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the polar, water-soluble monomer is selected from vinyl pyrrolidinone, hydroxyl ethyl acrylate, hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate, N,N′-dimethyl acrylamide, acrylamide and N-isopropyl acrylamide.
17 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the hydrophobic, silicone-containing monomer is selected from unsubstituted or substituted vinyl or ethynyl group terminated siloxyl compounds, comprising monomethacryloxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, methacryloxypropyl tris(trimethylsiloxysilane) and methacryloxypropyl terminated T-structure siloxane.
18 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation is selected from dioctyldimethylammonium carbonate, decyloctyldimethylammonium carbonate, didecyldimethylammonium carbonate, benzalkonium carbonate, benzethonium carbonate, stearalkonium carbonate, cetrimonium carbonate, behentrimonium carbonate, dioctyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, decyloctyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, didecyldimethylammonium bicarbonate, benzalkonium bicarbonate, benzethonium bicarbonate, stearalkonium bicarbonate, cetrimonium bicarbonate, behentrimonium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof.
19 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the organic acid is selected from citric, malic, maleic, oxalic, glutaric, succinic, lactic, glycolic, fumaric, acetic, benzoic, propionic, sorbic, tartaric, formic and mixtures thereof.
20 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition further comprises urea.
21 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition retains antimicrobial activity after twenty-five insults of E. coli as measured by a log 2 reduction in organisms upon the twenty-fifth insult of 10 6 total organisms.
22 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition is effective against Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, enveloped viruses, non-enveloped viruses, fungi, fungal spores, mildew and mold.
23 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition includes from 0.2% by weight to 15.0% by weight of the carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation.
24 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition includes from 0.1% by weight to 3.0% by weight of the organic acid.
25 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition includes from 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.
26 . The composition of claim 15 wherein the composition includes from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight of cationic polymer.
27 . The composition of claim 26 wherein the cationic polymer includes from 0.70 to 0.90 mole fraction of [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride monomer.
28 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is incorporated into a nonwoven basesheet.
29 . A composition having durable antimicrobial activity comprising:
a carbonate/bicarbonate salt of a quaternary ammonium cation;
an organic acid;
hydrogen peroxide; and
a cationic polymer that has the following structure:
wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen and methyl; R2 is selected from hydrogen, a halide and a C1 through C6 alkyl or alkoxy, aryl, linear or branched oligomeric or polymeric dimethyl siloxane; R3 is selected from hydroxyl, alkyl amine, dialkyl amine and polyether; R4 is selected from hydrogen, C1 through C6 alkyl and benzyl; Z is selected from oxygen and NH; W is selected from C1 through C6 alkyl; X is selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, methosulfate and ethosulfate; and the values of m, n and p are integers and are selected to make the number average molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 100,000 g/mol.