Leisure articles and cars prepared by multilayer rotational moulding
This invention relates to the field of multilayer articles having reinforced structural properties prepared by rotational molding wherein the external and internal skin layers are prepared from polyethylene resin and the intermediate layer is prepared from foamed polyethylene.
1. A multilayer rotomolded article having reinforced structural properties comprising:
a polyethylene-produced external skin layer that is prepared from a composition comprising:
from 70 to 99.9 weight percent of a blend, wherein the blend comprises from 20 to 80 weight percent of a first metallocene-produced polyethylene, and from 20 to 80 weight percent of a second metallocene-produced polyethylene, wherein the first metallocene-produced polyethylene exhibits a density of at least 0.920 g/cc and at most 0.965 g/cc, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1505 at 23° C., and wherein the second metallocene-produced polyethylene exhibits a density of at least 0.930 g/cc and at most 0.968 g/cc, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1505 at 23° C., characterized in that the second metallocene-produced polyethylene has a higher density than the first metallocene-produced polyethylene; and
from 0.1 to 30 weight percent of an ionomer, a grafted polyolefin, or mixtures thereof;
an intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer, wherein the polyethylene resin may be the same as or different from that of the polyethylene-produced external skin layer, wherein the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is prepared from a composition comprising a mixture of metallocene-produced polyethylene, an ionomer, a polyolefin grafted with an anhydride, and a chemical blowing agent; and
an internal skin layer that is a polyethylene-produced layer that comprises 90 to 100 wt % metallocene-produced polyethylene based on a total weight of the internal skin layer.
2. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 ,
wherein the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is prepared from:
a polyethylene composition comprising the mixture of the metallocene-produced polyethylene, the ionomer, and the polyolefin grafted with the anhydride in an amount ranging from 95 to 99.8 wt % based on the total weight of intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer; and
the chemical blowing agent in an amount ranging from 0.2 to 5 wt % based on the total weight of intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer.
3. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the external skin layer composition comprises from 2 to 20 wt % of the grafted polyolefin, or the ionomer or mixtures thereof.
4. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the internal skin layer comprises 100 wt % the metallocene-produced polyethylene.
5. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the chemical blowing agent is selected from exothermic agents selected from the group consisting of azodicarbonamide (AZ), 4,4′-oxy-bis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide) (OB), and endothermic agents selected from sodium bicarbonate (SB).
6. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the metallocene-produced polyethylenes are prepared with a bistetrahydroindenyl or a bisindenyl catalyst component.
7. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 2 , wherein the first metallocene-produced polyethylene is present in the blend in amounts ranging from 40 to 60 wt %, wherein the second metallocene-produced polyethylene is present in the blend in amounts ranging from 40 to 60 wt %.
8. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , further comprising wall thicknesses of: from 1 to 50 mm for the external skin layer; from 3 to 200 mm for the intermediate foamed layer; and from 0.5 to 2.5 mm for the internal skin layer.
9. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , further comprising wall thicknesses of: from 1.5 to 3 mm for the external skin layer; from 9 to 15 mm for the intermediate foamed layer; and from 0.5 to 2.5 mm for the internal skin layer.
10. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of boats, leisure boats, cars, car bodies, structural parts, design parts, and tanks.
11. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the ionomers are zinc or sodium salt of a copolymer derived from ethylene and methacrylic acid, and wherein the polyolefin grafted with anhydride is polyethylene grated with anhydride or polypropylene grafted with anhydride.
12. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer rotomolded article is prepared by a rotomolding process characterized in that the composition of the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is fed into a rotational mold as soon as or before a melting temperature of the composition of the polyethylene-produced external skin layer is reached, and the composition of the internal skin layer is fed into the rotational mold as soon as or before a melting temperature of the composition of the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is reached.
13. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the article is formed in the absence of a release agent.
14. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 12 , wherein the rotomolding process is characterized in that the composition of the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is fed into the rotational mold before the melting temperature of the composition of the polyethylene-produced external skin layer is reached, and the composition of the internal skin layer is fed into the rotational mold before the melting temperature of the composition of the intermediate foamed metallocene-produced polyethylene layer is reached.
15. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the article exhibits a Young's modulus in excess of 1000 MPa.
16. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the first metallocene-produced polyethylene exhibits a melt index ranging from at least 0.5 dg/min to at most 25 dg/min, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1283 at a temperature of 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg, wherein the second metallocene-produced polyethylene exhibits a melt index ranging from at least 1 dg/min to at most 30 dg/min, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1283 at a temperature of 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg, characterized in that the melt index of the second metallocene-produced polyethylene is different than the melt index of the first metallocene-produced polyethylene.
17. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the metallocene-produced polyethylene of the internal skin layer exhibits a melt index ranging from at least 0.5 dg/min to at most 25 dg/min, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1283 at a temperature of 190° C. and a load of 2.16 kg.
18. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the metallocene-produced polyethylene of the internal skin layer exhibits a density of at least 0.920 g/cc and at most 0.965 g/cc, measured following the method of standard test ASTM D 1505 at 23° C.
19. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the metallocene-produced polyethylene of the internal skin layer has a bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distribution.
20. The multilayer rotomolded article of claim 1 , wherein the metallocene-produced polyethylene of the internal skin layer exhibits a polydispersity ranging from 2 to 20.