DEVICE FOR PERFORMING CHEMICAL AND/OR PHYSICAL REACTIONS BETWEEN A SOLID MATERIAL AND A GAS
The device according to the invention for performing chemical and/or physical reactions between a solid material and a gas, in particular for preheating, cooling and/or calcining fine-grained materials substantially comprises at least one helical and/or spiral line, in which a gas/solid material suspension is separated by centrifugal forces into a solid material flow and a gas flow and at least one separation chamber which is connected to the end of the helical and/or spiral line and which is connected to a gas line in order to direct the gas flow away or which is formed by a portion of the gas line, a solid material line for directing the solid material flow away being connected to the separation chamber. The helical and/or spiral line opens into the separation chamber tangentially at an angle of at least 30° relative to the horizontal and the cross-section of the separation chamber in the region of the opening is from 0.5 to 1.5 times as large as the cross-section of the helical and/or spiral line.
1 . Device for carrying out chemical and/or physical reactions between a solid material and a gas, in particular for preheating, cooling and/or calcining fine-grained materials, having:
at least one helical and/or spiral line ( 1 b ), in which a gas/solid material suspension is separated by centrifugal forces into a solid material flow ( 5 ) and a gas flow ( 6 ) and
at least one separation chamber ( 2 ) which is connected to the end of the helical and/or spiral line and which is connected to a gas line ( 4 ; 4 . 1 ; 4 . 2 ) in order to direct the gas flow away or which is formed by a portion of the gas line, a solid material line for directing the solid material flow away being connected to the separation chamber,
characterised in that the helical and/or spiral line ( 1 b ) opens into the separation chamber ( 2 ) tangentially at an angle (α) of at least 30° relative to the horizontal and the cross-section of the separation chamber in the region of the opening is from 0.5 to 1.5 times as large as the cross-section of the helical and/or spiral line.
2 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the separation chamber ( 2 ) is constructed so as to be round.
3 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the cross-section of the separation chamber ( 2 ) in the region of the opening is from 0.5 to 1.5 times as large as the cross-section of the gas line ( 4 ; 4 . 1 ; 4 . 2 ).
4 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the solid material line ( 3 ) is connected in the lower region of the separation chamber ( 2 ) and the gas line ( 4 ) is connected in the upper region of the separation chamber.
5 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the lower portion of the separation chamber ( 2 ) is constructed so as to narrow in a funnel-like manner.
6 . Device according to claim 5 , characterised in that the solid material line ( 3 ) is connected to the portion ( 2 b ) of the separation chamber ( 2 ) narrowing in a funnel-like manner.
7 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the gas line ( 4 . 1 ) extends into the separation chamber in the manner of a submerged pipe.
8 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the gas line ( 4 ) has at least a first and a second cross-section size and/or shape in the direction of flow of the gas.
9 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the axis, about which the helical and/or spiral line ( 1 b ) is wound, is inclined relative to the vertical.
10 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the device is in the form of a multiple-step and/or multiple-strand arrangement having a plurality of separation chambers ( 2 , 2 ′, 2 ″) and associated helical and/or spiral lines ( 1 b , 1 ′b , 1 ″ b ).
11 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the separation chamber ( 2 ) is constructed so as to be rotationally symmetrical.
12 . Device according to claim 1 , characterised in that the separation chamber ( 2 ) and the gas line ( 4 . 1 ; 4 . 2 ) have different diameters.
13 . Method for carrying out chemical and/or physical reactions between a solid material and a gas, in particular for preheating, cooling and/or calcining fine-grained materials, having a device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the gas/solid material suspension is introduced into the separation chamber ( 2 ) via the helical and/or spiral line ( 1 b ) in such a manner that the gas flow produces a twisting flow in the separation chamber ( 2 ).