Multi-extruder
Multiple extrusion drive motors are nested in an overlapping configuration that permits re-use of the drive axes to support drive gears and complementary guide bearings, resulting in a compact arrangement of independently controllable extruders for multiple build materials.
1. A device comprising:
a first motor having a first axis extending in a first direction;
a second motor having a second axis extending in a second direction opposite the first direction, the second axis parallel to and overlapping with the first axis;
a first gear rigidly coupled to the first axis, the first gear having a first concave, toothed portion around a first perimeter thereof;
a second gear rigidly coupled to the second axis at a first position axially offset from the first gear, the second gear having a second concave, toothed portion around a second perimeter thereof;
a first bearing rotatably coupled to the first axis at a second position axially aligned with the second gear of the second axis, thereby forming a channel between the first bearing and the second gear to receive and move a first filament by rotation of the second motor; and
a second bearing rotatably coupled to the second axis at a third position axially aligned with the first gear of the first axis, thereby forming a second channel between the second bearing and the first gear to receive and move a second filament by rotation of the first motor.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein the first gear and the second gear are equally proportioned.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein the first motor and the second motor are equally proportioned.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein the first bearing and the second bearing are equally proportioned.
5. The device of claim 1 further comprising a controller coupled to the first motor and the second motor to control operation thereof.
6. The device of claim 5 wherein the controller further controls a build process using two filaments fed to the device.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein the two filaments are different build materials.
8. The device of claim 6 wherein the two filaments are different colors.
9. The device of claim 6 wherein at least one of the two filaments is formed of a material selected from a group consisting of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, high-density polyethylene (“HDPL”), and polylactic acid.
10. The device of claim 6 further comprising one or more additional motors and gears configured to drive one or more additional build materials in an extrusion process.
11. A three-dimensional fabrication device comprising:
a multi-extruder having a pair of drive motors, each having an axis with a fixed gear and a free-wheeling bearing, the pair of drive motors arranged in an opposing, overlapping arrangement so that the fixed gear of one drive motor aligns with the free-wheeling bearing of the other drive motor to form two independently controllable filament drives;
an interior chamber to receive a build material from at least one of the two independently controllable filament drives;
a heating element that liquefies the build material;
a nozzle that extrudes the build material;
a build platform that receives an object formed of the build material that is extruded from the nozzle;
a positioning assembly that positions the build platform relative to the extruder during a build; and
a controller coupled in a communicating relationship with the multi-extruder and the positioning assembly and programmed to control the multi-extruder and the positioning assembly in a build process.
12. The device of claim 11 further comprising a pair of nozzles that extrude a different build material from each of the two independently controllable filament drives.
13. The device of claim 11 further comprising a pair of heating elements that liquefy a different material from each of the two independently controllable filament drives.
14. The device of claim 11 further comprising a pair of interior chambers that receive a different build material from each of the two independently controllable filament drives.
15. The device of claim 11 wherein the controller is configured to operate the multi-extruder to provide two different build materials concurrently.
16. The device of claim 11 wherein the controller is configured to operate the multi-extruder to provide one build material at a time.
17. The device of claim 11 wherein the multi-extruder shares at least one of a single nozzle, a single heating element, and a single interior chamber for both of the independently controllable filament drives.
18. The device of claim 11 further comprising a plurality of additional extruders each coupled in a communicating relationship with the controller for use in a build process.
19. The device of claim 11 wherein the pair of drive motors have parallel axes.
20. The device of claim 11 wherein the pair of drive motors have non-parallel axes.