Multiple Layer HEPA Filter and Method of Manufacture
A multiple layer HEPA filter media includes, in an exemplary embodiment, a first layer that includes a nonwoven synthetic fabric formed from a plurality of bicomponent synthetic fibers with a spunbond process, and having a bond area pattern of a plurality of substantially parallel discontinuous lines of bond area. The filter media also includes a second layer laminated onto the first layer. The second layer is formed from a micro-porous membrane. Further, the filter media includes a third layer laminated onto the second layer, with the third layer including a synthetic nonwoven fabric formed from a plurality of synthetic fibers. The synthetic fibers include at least two different synthetic fibers having different melting points. The third layer has a cover factor of less than about seven. In addition, the multiple layer filter media further includes a plurality of corrugations.
1 . A multiple layer HEPA filter media comprising:
a first layer comprising a nonwoven synthetic fabric formed from a plurality of bicomponent synthetic fibers with a spunbond process, and having a bond area pattern comprising a plurality of substantially parallel discontinuous lines of bond area;
a second layer laminated onto said first layer, said second layer comprising a micro-porous membrane; and
a third layer laminated onto said second layer, said third layer comprising a synthetic nonwoven fabric formed from a plurality of synthetic fibers, said synthetic fibers comprising at least two different synthetic fibers having different melting points, said third layer having a cover factor of less than about seven;
said multiple layer filter media further comprising a plurality of corrugations.
2 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said multiple layer filter media further comprises a plurality of pleats.
3 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said nonwoven synthetic fabric of said first layer comprises a bond area of about 10% to about 14% of an area of said nonwoven fabric mat.
4 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said plurality of corrugations comprise a plurality of alternating peaks and valleys extending a length of said filter media, said filter media comprises a corrugation pitch of about 3 to about 10 corrugations per inch and an effective depth of at least about 0.02 inch.
5 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said micro-porous membrane comprises at least one of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, polyurethane, and polypropylene.
6 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said synthetic fibers of said third layer comprise an average diameter of about 10 microns to about 18 microns.
7 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said third layer has a thickness of less than about 0.08 millimeters.
8 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said third layer has a thickness of about 0.04 millimeters to about 0.08 millimeters.
9 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said two different synthetic fibers of said third layer are selected from the group consisting of a first polyester, a second polyester having a melting point different than said first polyester, and polypropylene.
10 . The filter media in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a hydrophobic coating and an oleophobic coating applied to said third layer.
11 . A HEPA filter element comprising:
a first end cap;
a second end cap; and
a multiple layer filter media extending between said first end cap and said second end cap, said filter media comprising:
a first layer comprising a nonwoven synthetic fabric formed from a plurality of bicomponent synthetic fibers with a spunbond process, and having a bond area pattern comprising a plurality of substantially parallel discontinuous lines of bond area;
a second layer laminated onto said first layer, said second layer comprising a micro-porous membrane; and
a third layer laminated onto said second layer, said third layer comprising a synthetic nonwoven fabric formed from a plurality of synthetic fibers, said synthetic fibers comprising at least two different synthetic fibers having different melting points, said third layer having a Cover Factor of less than about seven;
said multiple layer filter media further comprising a plurality of corrugations.
12 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said multiple layer filter media further comprises a plurality of pleats.
13 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said plurality of corrugations comprise a plurality of alternating peaks and valleys extending a length of said filter media, said filter media comprises a corrugation pitch of about 3 to about 10 corrugations per inch and an effective depth of at least about 0.02 inch.
14 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said micro-porous membrane comprises at least one of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, polyurethane, and polypropylene.
15 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said synthetic fibers of said third layer comprise an average diameter of about 10 microns to about 18 microns.
16 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said third layer has a thickness of less than about 0.08 millimeters.
17 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , wherein said two different synthetic fibers of said third layer are selected from the group consisting of a first polyester, a second polyester having a melting point different than said first polyester, and polypropylene.
18 . The filter element in accordance with claim 11 , further comprising at least one of a hydrophobic coating and an oleophobic coating applied to said third layer.
19 . A method of making a multiple layer HEPA filter media, said method comprising:
forming a first layer comprising a spunbond nonwoven fabric substrate comprising a plurality of bicomponent synthetic fibers;
calendering the nonwoven fabric substrate with embossing calender rolls to form a bond area pattern comprising a plurality of substantially parallel discontinuous lines of bond area to bond the synthetic bicomponent fibers together to form a nonwoven fabric;
laminating a first side of a second layer to a surface of the first layer, the second layer comprising a microporous membrane;
laminating a third layer to a second side of the second layer, the third layer comprising a synthetic nonwoven fabric formed from a plurality of synthetic fibers, the synthetic fibers comprising at least two different synthetic fibers having different melting points, the third layer having a thickness of less than about 0.08 mm, and a cover factor of less than about 7;
corrugating the composite filter media; and
pleating the composite filter media.
20 . The method in accordance with claim 19 , further comprising applying at least one of a hydrophobic coating and an oleophobic coating to the third layer.