Methods and apparatus for linking extracted clinical facts to text
View Patent ↗A plurality of clinical facts may be extracted from a free-form narration of a patient encounter provided by a clinician. The plurality of clinical facts may include a first fact and a second fact. The first fact may be extracted from a first portion of the free-form narration, and the second fact may be extracted from a second portion of the free-form narration. A first indicator that indicates a first linkage between the first fact and the first portion of the free-form narration may be provided to a user. A second indicator, different from the first indicator, that indicates a second linkage between the second fact and the second portion of the free-form narration may also be provided to the user.
1. A method comprising:
extracting, using at least one processor, a plurality of clinical facts from a free-form narration of a patient encounter provided by a clinician, wherein the plurality of clinical facts comprises a first fact and a second fact, wherein the first fact is extracted from a first portion of the free-form narration, and wherein the second fact is extracted from a second portion of the free-form narration, the extracting comprising
analyzing the free-form narration to identify one or more sets of features of at least the first and second portions of the free-form narration,
correlating the one or more sets of features to a plurality of abstract semantic concepts, and
generating computer-readable data that expresses the plurality of abstract semantic concepts as the plurality of clinical facts extracted from the free-form narration; and
providing to a user a first indicator that indicates a first linkage between the first fact and the first portion of the free-form narration, wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to the user selecting the first fact via a user interface, providing to the user an indicator that distinguishes the first portion of the free-form narration from which the first fact was extracted from other portions of the free-form narration from which the first fact was not extracted; and
providing to the user a second indicator, different from the first indicator, that indicates a second linkage between the second fact and the second portion of the free-form narration.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first indicator comprises a visual indicator.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a different textual and/or graphic style than the second indicator uses to indicate the second linkage.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a first color, and the second indicator indicates the second linkage using a second color, wherein the first color is different from the second color.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, visually identifying the other of the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, displaying a graphical connector between the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, scrolling a display of a textual representation of the free-form narration to a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first indicator comprises an audio indicator.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, playing an audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration comprises a portion of an audio recording of the clinician dictating the free-form narration.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration is generated from a textual representation of the free-form narration using automatic speech synthesis.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising automatically editing one of the first fact and a data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration in response to the user editing the other of the first fact and the data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
in response to the user selecting a third portion of the free-form narration, extracting a third fact from the third portion of the free-form narration.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising formatting a textual representation of the free-form narration to produce a formatted text, wherein the plurality of clinical facts are extracted from the formatted text.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the formatting is performed in a way that facilitates the extracting of the plurality of clinical facts.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
including the first fact in a patient record; and
indicating a linkage between the first fact in the patient record and the first portion of the free-form narration.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the indicating comprises:
simultaneously displaying at least a portion of the patient record and a textual representation of at least the first portion of the free-form narration; and
visually indicating the linkage between the first fact in the patient record and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the user is the clinician.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the user is a person other than the clinician.
20. Apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing processor-executable instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, perform a method comprising:
extracting a plurality of clinical facts from a free-form narration of a patient encounter provided by a clinician, wherein the plurality of clinical facts comprises a first fact and a second fact, wherein the first fact is extracted from a first portion of the free-form narration, and wherein the second fact is extracted from a second portion of the free-form narration, the extracting comprising
analyzing the free-form narration to identify one or more sets of features of at least the first and second portions of the free-form narration,
correlating the one or more sets of features to a plurality of abstract semantic concepts, and
generating computer-readable data that expresses the plurality of abstract semantic concepts as the plurality of clinical facts extracted from the free-form narration; and
providing to a user a first indicator that indicates a first linkage between the first fact and the first portion of the free-form narration, wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to the user selecting the first fact via a user interface, providing to the user an indicator that distinguishes the first portion of the free-form narration from which the first fact was extracted from other portions of the free-form narration from which the first fact was not extracted; and
providing to the user a second indicator, different from the first indicator, that indicates a second linkage between the second fact and the second portion of the free-form narration.
21. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first indicator comprises a visual indicator.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a different textual and/or graphic style than the second indicator uses to indicate the second linkage.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a first color, and the second indicator indicates the second linkage using a second color, wherein the first color is different from the second color.
24. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, visually identifying the other of the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
25. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, displaying a graphical connector between the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
26. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, scrolling a display of a textual representation of the free-form narration to a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
27. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first indicator comprises an audio indicator.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, playing an audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration.
29. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration comprises a portion of an audio recording of the clinician dictating the free-form narration.
30. The apparatus of claim 28 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration is generated from a textual representation of the free-form narration using automatic speech synthesis.
31. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises automatically editing one of the first fact and a data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration in response to the user editing the other of the first fact and the data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
32. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises:
in response to the user selecting a third portion of the free-form narration, extracting a third fact from the third portion of the free-form narration.
33. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises formatting a textual representation of the free-form narration to produce a formatted text, wherein the plurality of clinical facts are extracted from the formatted text.
34. The apparatus of claim 33 , wherein the formatting is performed in a way that facilitates the extracting of the plurality of clinical facts.
35. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises:
including the first fact in a patient record; and
indicating a linkage between the first fact in the patient record and the first portion of the free-form narration.
36. The apparatus of claim 35 , wherein the indicating comprises:
simultaneously displaying at least a portion of the patient record and a textual representation of at least the first portion of the free-form narration; and
visually indicating the linkage between the first fact in the patient record and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
37. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the user is the clinician.
38. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the user is a person other than the clinician.
39. At least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium encoded with a plurality of computer-executable instructions that, when executed, perform a method comprising:
extracting a plurality of clinical facts from a free-form narration of a patient encounter provided by a clinician, wherein the plurality of clinical facts comprises a first fact and a second fact, wherein the first fact is extracted from a first portion of the free-form narration, and wherein the second fact is extracted from a second portion of the free-form narration, the extracting comprising
analyzing the free-form narration to identify one or more sets of features of at least the first and second portions of the free-form narration,
correlating the one or more sets of features to a plurality of abstract semantic concepts, and
generating computer-readable data that expresses the plurality of abstract semantic concepts as the plurality of clinical facts extracted from the free-form narration; and
providing to a user a first indicator that indicates a first linkage between the first fact and the first portion of the free-form narration, wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to the user selecting the first fact via a user interface, providing to the user an indicator that distinguishes the first portion of the free-form narration from which the first fact was extracted from other portions of the free-form narration from which the first fact was not extracted; and
providing to the user a second indicator, different from the first indicator, that indicates a second linkage between the second fact and the second portion of the free-form narration.
40. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the first indicator comprises a visual indicator.
41. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 40 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a different textual and/or graphic style than the second indicator uses to indicate the second linkage.
42. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 41 , wherein the first indicator indicates the first linkage using a first color, and the second indicator indicates the second linkage using a second color, wherein the first color is different from the second color.
43. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 40 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, visually identifying the other of the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
44. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 40 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of one of the first fact and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration, displaying a graphical connector between the first fact and the textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
45. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 40 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, scrolling a display of a textual representation of the free-form narration to a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
46. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the first indicator comprises an audio indicator.
47. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 46 , wherein providing the first indicator comprises:
in response to a selection by the user of the first fact, playing an audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration.
48. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 47 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration comprises a portion of an audio recording of the clinician dictating the free-form narration.
49. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 47 , wherein the audio version of the first portion of the free-form narration is generated from a textual representation of the free-form narration using automatic speech synthesis.
50. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the method further comprises automatically editing one of the first fact and a data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration in response to the user editing the other of the first fact and the data representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
51. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the method further comprises:
in response to the user selecting a third portion of the free-form narration, extracting a third fact from the third portion of the free-form narration.
52. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the method further comprises formatting a textual representation of the free-form narration to produce a formatted text, wherein the plurality of clinical facts are extracted from the formatted text.
53. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 52 , wherein the formatting is performed in a way that facilitates the extracting of the plurality of clinical facts.
54. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the method further comprises:
including the first fact in a patient record; and
indicating a linkage between the first fact in the patient record and the first portion of the free-form narration.
55. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 54 , wherein the indicating comprises:
simultaneously displaying at least a portion of the patient record and a textual representation of at least the first portion of the free-form narration; and
visually indicating the linkage between the first fact in the patient record and a textual representation of the first portion of the free-form narration.
56. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the user is the clinician.
57. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 39 , wherein the user is a person other than the clinician.