Alternator assembly with opportunistic voltage regulation system
An electrical machine has been developed that opportunistically regulates the voltage supplied to the coil of the electrical machine. The electrical machine includes a stator winding, a rotatable electromagnet, and a voltage regulator. The voltage regulator is configured to control an output voltage of the electrical machine. The regulator is configured to vary the magnitude of the output voltage based at least in part on acceleration of the vehicle.
1. An electrical machine for a vehicle comprising:
a stator winding;
a rotatable electromagnet;
an acceleration sensor configured to detect an acceleration of the vehicle; and
a voltage regulator configured to control an output voltage of the electrical machine,
wherein the voltage regulator is configured to vary the magnitude of the output voltage based at least in part on the detected acceleration of the vehicle,
wherein the voltage regulator is configured to reduce the output voltage in response to the detected acceleration being greater than a first acceleration threshold,
wherein the voltage regulator is configured to increase the output voltage in response to the detected acceleration being less than a second acceleration threshold, and
wherein the voltage regulator does not adjust the output voltage in response to the detected acceleration being less than the first acceleration threshold and greater than the second acceleration threshold.
2. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein acceleration of the vehicle is determined at least in part by an electrical frequency in the stator windings.
3. The electrical machine of claim 2 , wherein the acceleration sensor is a frequency sensor configured to detect an electrical frequency in the stator winding, and the voltage regulator including a controller configured to execute a control program, the control program configured to cause the voltage regulator to deliver one of a plurality of currents of different magnitudes to the rotatable electromagnet depending at least in part on the detected electrical frequency in the stator winding, wherein
the control program is configured to cause the regulator to deliver a decreased current to the rotatable electromagnet in response to a detected frequency being greater than a first frequency threshold,
the control program is configured to cause the regulator to deliver an increased current to the rotatable electromagnet in response to the detected frequency being less than a second frequency threshold, and
the control program is configured to cause the regulator to deliver an unadjusted current to the rotatable electromagnet in response to the detected frequency being less than the first frequency threshold and greater than the second frequency threshold, the unadjusted current having a magnitude between the magnitude of the decreased current and the magnitude of the increased current.
4. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein acceleration of the vehicle is determined at least in part by an accelerometer carried by the vehicle.
5. The electrical machine of claim 4 wherein the accelerometer is fixed to the vehicle and is separate from the voltage regulator or an engine control module on the vehicle.
6. The electrical machine of claim 4 wherein the accelerometer is provided by a wireless personal electronic device.
7. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein acceleration of the vehicle is determined based on analysis of a vehicle speedometer signal.
8. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein acceleration of the vehicle includes either positive acceleration or negative acceleration.
9. The electrical machine of claim 8 wherein acceleration of the vehicle is determined at least in part by a brake sensor.
10. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein the rotatable electromagnet is a field coil.
11. The electrical machine of claim 1 wherein (i) the acceleration sensor is an accelerometer separated from the voltage regulator or an engine control module of the vehicle and (ii) the rotatable electromagnet is a rotatable field coil.
12. The electrical machine of claim 11 further comprising:
a wireless transmitter electrically connected to the accelerometer and configured to transmit the detected acceleration to the controller.
13. The electrical machine of claim 12 wherein the wireless transmitter and the acceleration sensor are associated with a cellular telephone.
14. An alternator apparatus comprising:
a stator including a plurality of stator windings, the stator being associated with a vehicle;
a field coil;
an acceleration sensor configured to detect an acceleration of the vehicle; and
a regulator including a controller configured to execute a field current control program, the field current control program configured to cause the regulator to deliver one of a plurality of currents of different magnitudes to the field coil depending at least in part on the detected acceleration, wherein
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver a decreased current to the field coil in response to a detected frequency being greater than a first frequency threshold,
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver an increased current to the field coil in response to the detected frequency being less than a second frequency threshold, and
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver an unadjusted current to the field coil in response to the detected frequency being less than the first frequency threshold and greater than the second frequency threshold, the unadjusted current having a magnitude between the magnitude of the decreased current and the magnitude of the increased current.
15. The alternator apparatus of claim 14 wherein the acceleration sensor is a frequency sensor configured to detect an electrical frequency in one of the stator windings.
16. The alternator apparatus of claim 14 wherein:
the detected frequency is greater than the first frequency threshold in response to the vehicle exhibiting positive acceleration,
the detected frequency is less than the second frequency threshold in response to the vehicle exhibiting negative acceleration, and
the detected frequency is less than the first frequency threshold and greater than the second frequency threshold in response to the vehicle having approximately zero acceleration.
17. An alternator apparatus comprising:
a stator including a plurality of stator windings, the stator being associated with a vehicle;
a field coil;
an acceleration sensor configured to detect an acceleration of the vehicle; and
a regulator including a controller configured to execute a field current control program the field current control program configured to cause the regulator to deliver one of a plurality of currents of different magnitudes to the field coil depending at least in part on the detected acceleration, wherein
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver a decreased current to the field coil in response to the detected acceleration being greater than a first acceleration threshold,
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver an increased current to the field coil in response to the detected acceleration being less than a second acceleration threshold,
the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver an unadjusted current to the field coil in response to the detected acceleration being less than the first acceleration threshold and greater than the second acceleration threshold, the unadjusted current having a magnitude between the magnitude of the decreased current and the magnitude of the increased current.
18. The alternator apparatus of claim 17 wherein the acceleration of the vehicle is determined at least in part by an electrical frequency in the stator windings.
19. The alternator apparatus of claim 17 wherein the acceleration of the vehicle is determined at least in part by an accelerometer carried by the vehicle.
20. An alternator apparatus comprising:
a stator including a plurality of stator windings, the stator being associated with a vehicle;
a field coil;
an acceleration sensor configured to detect an acceleration of the vehicle;
a regulator including a controller configured to execute a field current control program the field current control program configured to cause the regulator to deliver one of a plurality of currents of different magnitudes to the field coil depending at least in part on the detected acceleration; and
a brake sensor electrically connected to the regulator, the brake sensor configured to generate a brake signal in response to activation of a braking system associated with the vehicle;
wherein the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver an increased current to the field coil in response to the brake sensor generating the brake signal,
wherein the field current control program causes the regulator to deliver one of a decreased current and an unadjusted current to the field coil in response to the brake sensor not generating the brake signal, and
wherein the magnitude of the increased current is greater than the magnitude of decreased current and the magnitude of the unadjusted current.