METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANIPULATING COLOR IN A DISPLAY
A method and device for manipulating color in a display includes a display in which one or more of the pixels includes one or more display elements, such as interferometric modulators, configured to output colored light and one or more display elements configured to output white light. Other embodiments include methods of making such displays. In addition, embodiments include color displays configured to provide a greater proportion of the intensity of output light in green portions of the visible spectrum in order to increase perceived brightness of the display.
1 . A display device comprising:
a pixel including a plurality of interferometric modulators, the plurality of interferometric modulators including:
at least one interferometric modulator configured to output red light;
at least one interferometric modulator configured to output green light;
at least one interferometric modulator configured to output blue light; and
at least one white interferometric modulator, each white interferometric modulator configured to output a first white light,
wherein the at least one interferometric modulator configured to output red light, the at least one interferometric modulator configured to output green light, the at least one interferometric modulator configured to output blue light, and the at least one white interferometric modulator configured to output a first white light are configured to output light that combines to produce a second white light having a standardized white point.
2 . The display device of claim 1 , wherein the standardized white point is one of D55, D65, or D75.
3 . The display device of claim 1 , further comprising a source of illumination for the plurality of interferometric modulators, the source of illumination having a different white point than the standardized white point.
4 . The display device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one white interferometric modulator configured to output a first white light includes a broadband reflector.
5 . The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first white light is characterized by three visible peaks in its spectral response.
6 . The display device of claim 5 , wherein the three visible peaks correspond to a red peak, a green peak, and a blue peak.
7 . A display device comprising:
a pixel including a plurality of display elements, each of the display elements having a reflective surface configured to be moved and positioned at a distance from a partially reflective surface, the plurality of display elements including at least one display element configured to output colored light and at least one white display element, each white display element configured to output a first white light,
wherein the at least one display element configured to output colored light and the at least one white display element configured to output the first white light are configured to output light that combines to produce a second white light having a standardized white point.
8 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the standardized white point is one of D55, D65, or D75.
9 . The display device of claim 7 , further comprising a source of illumination for the plurality of display elements.
10 . The display device of claim 9 , wherein the source of illumination has a different white point than the standardized white point.
11 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of display elements includes at least one display element configured to output red light, at least one display element configured to output green light, and at least one display element configured to output blue light.
12 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the reflective surface includes a movable mirror that moves upon application of an electric field.
13 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of display elements includes a plurality of interferometric modulators.
14 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the at least one white display element configured to output the first white light has an optical path length between the reflective surface and the partially reflective surface which corresponds to a common multiple of a plurality of visible resonant wavelengths.
15 . The display device of claim 14 , wherein the plurality of visible resonant wavelengths includes a red resonant wavelength, a green resonant wavelength, and a blue resonant wavelength.
16 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the first white light is characterized by three visible peaks in its spectral response.
17 . The display device of claim 16 , wherein the three visible peaks correspond to a red peak, a green peak, and a blue peak.
18 . The display device of claim 7 , wherein the at least one white display element configured to output the first white light includes a broadband reflector.
19 . The display device of claim 7 , further comprising:
a processor that is in electrical communication with the plurality of display elements, the processor being configured to process image data; and
a memory device in electrical communication with the processor.
20 . The display device of claim 19 , further comprising:
a driver circuit configured to send at least one signal to the plurality of display elements.
21 . The display device of claim 20 , further comprising:
a controller configured to send at least a portion of the image data to the driver circuit.
22 . The display device of claim 19 , further comprising:
an image source module configured to send the image data to the processor.
23 . The display device of claim 22 , wherein the image source module includes at least one of a receiver, transceiver, and transmitter.
24 . The display device of claim 19 , further comprising:
an input device configured to receive input data and to communicate the input data to the processor.
25 . A method of fabricating a display device, the method comprising:
forming a pixel, wherein forming a pixel includes forming a plurality of display elements configured to output light, each of the plurality of display elements including a reflective surface configured to be moved and positioned at a distance from a partially reflective surface,
wherein each of the respective distances is selected so that at least one of the plurality of display elements is configured to output colored light and at least one other of the plurality of display elements is a white display element configured to output a first white light, and
wherein the at least one display element configured to output colored light and the at least one white display element configured to output a first white light are configured to output light that combines to produce a second white light that is characterized by a standardized white point.
26 . The method of claim 25 , wherein forming the at least one of the plurality of display elements configured to output colored light includes forming at least one display element configured to output red light, at least one display element configured to output green light, and at least one display element configured to output blue light.
27 . The method of claim 25 , further comprising providing a source of illumination for the plurality of display elements, the source of illumination having a different white point than the standardized white point.
28 . The method of claim 25 , wherein the standardized white point is one of D55, D65, or D75.
29 . A display device fabricated by the method of claim 25 .
30 . A display device comprising a pixel, the pixel including:
means for outputting colored light; and
means for outputting a first white light; the means for outputting colored light and the means for outputting a first white light being configured to output light that combines to produce a second white light having a standardized white point, the means for outputting a first white light including a white interferometric modulator.
31 . The display device of claim 30 , wherein the means for outputting colored light and the means for outputting a first white light include a plurality of display elements, each of the display elements including a reflective surface configured to be moved and positioned at a distance from a partially reflective surface.
32 . The display device of claim 30 , wherein the standardized white point is one of D55, D65, or D75.
33 . The display device of claim 30 , further comprising means for illumination having a different white point than the second white light produced by the means for outputting colored light and the means for outputting a first white light.
34 . A display device, comprising:
a plurality of pixels, each of the pixels including:
at least one red subpixel;
at least one green subpixel;
at least one blue subpixel; and
at least one white subpixel;
wherein the at least one red subpixel, the at least one green subpixel, the at least one blue subpixel, and the at least one white subpixel are configured to output light that combines to produce white light having a standardized white point.
35 . The display device of claim 34 , wherein the standardized white point is one of D55, D65, or D75.
36 . The display device of claim 34 , wherein the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of interferometric modulators.
37 . The display device of claim 34 , further comprising a source of illumination for the plurality of pixels.
38 . The display device of claim 37 , wherein the source of illumination has a different white point than the standardized white point.