Cationic/Cationogenic Comb Copolymer Compositions and Personal Care Products Containing the Same
Cationic and cationogenic comb copolymers are disclosed along with personal care products that employ them as a modifier that results in increased sensory attributes and increased effectiveness in the deposition of actives and can also act as a thickening agent. The copolymer includes one or more repeating units derived from olefinically unsaturated cationic or cationogenic comonomers and one or more repeating units having the formula in which Y is a moiety forming part of a copolymer backbone, Z is a moiety that exhibits association with other Z moieties or with other moieties within the ultimate formulation in which the copolymer will be employed, and b is a bond or moiety that links the Z moiety to the Y moiety. In certain embodiments, the copolymer also includes repeating units derived from acrylamide monomers, olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic monomers or other olefinically unsaturated monomers.
1 . A comb copolymer comprising:
A) one or more repeating units derived from olefinically unsaturated cationic or cationogenic comonomers; and
B) one or more repeating units having the formula
wherein Y is a moiety forming part of the copolymer backbone, Z is a moiety that exhibits association with other Z moieties or with other moieties within a formulation in which the copolymer will be employed, and b is a bond or moiety that links the Z moiety to the Y moiety.
2 . The comb copolymer of claim 1 , further comprising one or more repeating units derived from a monomer selected from at least one of the following groups:
C) acrylamide monomers;
D) one or more olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic monomers that are not A, B or C; or
E) one or more olefinically unsaturated monomers that are not A, B, C or D.
3 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , comprising one or more repeating units derived from monomers selected from at least two of groups C, D or E.
4 . The comb copolymer of claim 3 , comprising one or more repeating units derived from monomers selected from each of groups C, D and E.
5 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the weight percent of ionic and ionogenic monomers in the copolymer is between about 2 and about 45 percent.
6 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the weight percent of ionic monomers in the copolymer is between about 2 and about 45 percent.
7 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the weight percent of associative moieties Z is between about 2 and about 50 percent.
8 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the weight ratio of associative moieties Z to ionic and ionogenic monomers is between about 0.1 and about 5.5.
9 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the weight ratio of associative moieties Z to ionic monomers is between about 0.15 and about 6.5.
10 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the copolymer is non-crystalline.
11 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the copolymer has a thermal peak at temperature less than about 100° C.
12 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the viscosity of a 3 wt % (solids) solution of the copolymer in distilled water at 25° C. is less than about 250 cP.
13 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the copolymer is not crosslinked.
14 . The comb copolymer of claim 2 , wherein the monomers of group E are mono-olefinically unsaturated.
15 . A personal care product comprising
a cosmetic base media; and
about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the comb copolymer of any one of claims 1 to 14 .
16 . The personal care product of claim 15 , further comprising an active ingredient, wherein the comb copolymer increases the deposition of the active ingredient to a keratinous structure by at least 10% over a personal care product having a same formulation without the comb copolymer.
17 . A personal care composition comprising:
a cosmetic base media and at least one comb copolymer comprising:
A) one or more repeating units derived from olefinically unsaturated cationic or cationogenic comonomers; and
B) one or more repeating units having the formula
wherein Y is a moiety forming part of the copolymer backbone, Z is a moiety that exhibits association with other Z moieties or with other moieties within a formulation in which the copolymer will be employed, and b is a bond or moiety that links the Z moiety to the Y moiety; wherein the weight percent of ionic monomers in the copolymer is between about 2 and about 45 percent, the weight percent of associative moieties Z is between about 2 and about 50 percent and the weight ratio of associative moieties Z to ionic and ionogenic monomers is between about 0.1 and about 5.5.
18 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the amount of comb polymer is sufficient to modify at least one of the following characteristics of the cosmetic media: deposition and retention of an active ingredient, deposition and retention of a silicone oil, sensory perception and viscosity.
19 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the comb polymer is not crosslinked.
20 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the comb polymer has a Tm of less than about 25 C.
21 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the polymer exhibits a viscosity in water of less than about 250 cps when measured at a temperature of 25 C.
22 . The personal care composition of claim 19 wherein the comb polymer has a water solubility of less than about 50 wt %.
23 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the comb copolymer is comprised of about 12 to about 22 wt % of monomers of Group A, is comprised of about 25 to about 75 wt % of a monomer having the structure:
wherein X 1 =O, n=q=r=0, p is between 3 and 30 and Z is an alkyl group having in the range of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, has between about 7 and about 30 wt % of associative moieties Z, is not crosslinked, and exhibits a solution viscosity in water at three weight percent (solids) of less than about 100 cP when measured at 25° C.
24 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the comb copolymer is comprised of about 12 to about 22 wt % of monomers of Group A, is comprised of about 25 to about 75 wt % of a monomer having the structure:
wherein X 1 =O, n=q=r=0, p is between 3 and 30 and Z is an alkyl group having in the range of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, is comprised of an acrylamide monomer of Group C, has between about 7 and about 30 wt % of associative moieties Z, is not crosslinked, and exhibits a solution viscosity in water at three weight percent (solids) of less than about 100 cP when measured at 25° C.
25 . The personal care composition of claim 17 wherein the comb copolymer is comprised of about 12 to about 22 wt % of monomers of Group A, is comprised of about 25 to about 75 wt % of a monomer having the structure:
wherein X 1 =O, n=q=r=0, p is between 3 and 30 and Z is an alkyl group having in the range of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, is comprised of a hydroxyalkyl [meth]acrylate monomer, has between about 7 and about 30 wt % of associative moieties Z, is not crosslinked, and exhibits a solution viscosity in water at three weight percent (solids) of less than about 100 cP when measured at 25° C.