Enhancing drag reduction properties of slick water systems
View Patent ↗Novel slick water fracturing fluid compositions are disclosed, where the compositions including with slick water fracturing compositions including a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer system within invert emulsion and an effective amount of a friction reducer booster system, where the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 5% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments.
1. A method for fracturing a formation comprising:
pumping a slick water fracturing composition into a formation at a pressure sufficient to fracture the formation, where the slick water fracturing composition includes a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer system within an inverted emulsion and an effective amount of a friction reducer booster system comprising one quaternary salts or a plurality of quaternary salts, where the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 5% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments compared to a composition in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a counterion, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, and X − is a counterion or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof, where X − includes chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), hydroxide (OH − ), or mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1to 2 carbon atoms, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a chloride, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including about 7 to about 9 carbon atoms, and X − is a chloride, or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1carbon atom, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a chloride, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl groups including 1 carbon atom, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including 8 carbon atoms, and X − is a chloride, or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − comprises alkyl (C12-16),dimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − comprises 1-Octaminium, N,N-Dimetyl-N-Octyl-Chloride.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − comprises alkyl (C12-16),dimethylbenzylammonium chloride and the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − comprises 1-Octaminium, N,N-Dimetyl-N-Octyl-Chloride.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers comprise polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 1 million and about 50million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers comprise polymers having a molecular weight between about 5 million and about 40 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers include, without limitation, polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 10 million and about 30 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers include, without limitation, polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 20 million and about 30 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount is sufficient to reduce the drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 10% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments compared to a composition in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount is sufficient to reduce the drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 12% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments compared to a composition in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
14. A slick water fracturing composition comprising from about 0.01 to about 2.5 gpt of an inverted emulsion including between about 25 wt. % and about 35 wt. % of a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer system and an effective amount of a friction reducing booster system comprising one quaternary salts or a plurality of quaternary salts, where the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a drag friction of the composition by an additional of at least 5% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity aqueous solutions and/or temperature environments compared to the tests in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a counterion, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including about 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, and X − is a counterion or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof, where X − includes chloride (Cl − ), bromide (Br − ), hydroxide (OH − ), or mixtures thereof.
16. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a chloride, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1 to 2 carbon atoms, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including about 7 to about 9 carbon atoms, and X − is a chloride, or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof.
17. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the friction reducer booster system comprises: (1) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl group including 1carbon atom, R 3 is a carbyl group including about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, Ar is an aryl group and X − is a chloride, (2) compounds of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + X − , where R 1 and R 2 are carbyl groups including 1 carbon atom, R 3 and R 4 are a carbyl group including 8 carbon atoms, and X − is a chloride, or (3) mixtures and combinations thereof.
18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − comprises alkyl (C12-16),dimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
19. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − comprises 1-octaminium, N,N-dimetyl-N-octyl-chloride.
20. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 ArN+X − comprises alkyl (C12-16),dimethylbenzylammonium chloride and the compound of the general formula R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N+X − comprises 1-octaminium, N,N-dimetyl-N-octyl-chloride.
21. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers comprise polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 1 million and about 50 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
22. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers comprise polymers having a molecular weight between about 5 million and about 40 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
23. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers include, without limitation, polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 10million and about 30 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
24. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymers include, without limitation, polyacrylamide polymers having a molecular weight between about 20million and about 30 million and being partially hydrolyzed, where the degree of hydrolysis is between about 1% to about 50%.
25. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the effective amount is sufficient to reduce a drag friction of the composition by an additional of at least 12% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in an aqueous solution with salinity higher than 100,000 ppm and/or temperature as low as 32° F. compared to the tests in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
26. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the effective amount is sufficient to reduce the drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 10% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments compared to a composition in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.
27. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the effective amount is sufficient to reduce the drag friction of the composition by an additional amount of at least 12% in the first 30 seconds of evaluation in high salinity and low temperature environments compared to a composition in the absence of the friction reducer booster system.