High flow polyvinyl halide compound and methods of making and using same
A high flow polyvinyl halide compound is disclosed. The compound employs conventional ingredients plus a combination of phosphite stabilizer and hydrotalcite stabilizer which improve the melt flow index of the compound by at least 20%, as compared with a compound without the two types of stabilizers. The dramatically improved melt flow allows a molding cycle time reduction by as much as 22% because of a five-fold reduction in the fill step.
1. A high flow polyvinyl halide compound for use in injection molding and having a melt flow index, comprising:
(a) polyvinyl halide resin having an inherent viscosity of from about 0.58 to about 0.78 dl/g, as measured by using 0.2 grams of resin in 100 ml of cyclohexanone at 30 degrees C. by ASTM D 1243;
(b) phosphite flow modifying stabilizer;
(c) hydrotalcite flow modifying stabilizer;
(d) organometallic stabilizer; and
(e) lubricant,
wherein the polyvinyl halide resin has a K value ranging from about 52 to about 60, and wherein the melt flow index of the compound is at least 20% higher than that of the compound without presence of the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer and the hydrotalcite flow modifying stabilizer as measured by ASTM 1238 using 21.6 kg.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl halide is a homopolymer or copolymer of vinyl chloride with minor amounts of other co-monomers, if any, and optionally containing by weight from about 58% to about 70% chlorine.
3. The compound of claim 2 , wherein the co-monomer is selected from the group consisting of mono-unsaturated ethylenically unsaturated monomer, vinyl acetate monomer, vinylidene chloride monomer, acrylic monomer, vinyl aromatic monomer, vinyl ester monomer, and combinations thereof, and wherein the co-monomer is present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of copolymer.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl halide resin has a weight average molecular weight of from about 39,000 to about 150,000.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl halide resin has an inherent viscosity from about 0.60 to about 0.75, as measured by using 0.2 grams of resin in 100 ml of cyclohexanone at 30 degrees C. by ASTM D 1243.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl halide resin has an inherent viscosity ranging from about 0.65 dl/g to about 0.70 dl/g as measured using 0.2 grams of resin in 100 ml of cyclohexanone at 30 degrees C. by ASTM D 1243.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the melt flow index is at least 25% higher.
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of trioctyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, tridodecyl phosphite, tritridecyl phosphite, tripentadecyl phosphite, trioleyl phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris (2,4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tricyclohexyl phosphite, aryl dialkyl phosphites, alkyl diaryl phosphites, and combinations thereof.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of phenyl dioctyl phosphite, phenyl didecyl phosphite, phenyl didodecyl phosphite, phenyl ditridecyl phosphite, phenyl methacrylate phosphate, and glycidyl methacrylate phosphite.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer is 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the hydrotalcite flow modifying stabilizer is selected from the group of formulae consisting of
Mg 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− x/n ·mH 2 O
wherein 0<x ≦0.5; A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; and m is a positive number;
(Mg y1 Zn y2 ) 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− x/n ·mH 2 O
wherein A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; 0<x≦0.5; 0.5<y1<1;0<y2<0.5; and 0≦m<2;
and combinations thereof.
12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the heat stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of organometallic esters, organometallic mercaptides and combinations thereof.
13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of stearates, paraffin waxes, lubricating esters, and combinations thereof.
14. An article made from a high flow polyvinyl halide compound of claim 1 using custom-injection-molded techniques wherein the higher melt flow index reduces cycle time.
15. The article of claim 14 , wherein the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is selected from the group consisting of trioctyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, tridodecyl phosphite, tritridecyl phosphite, tripentadecyl phosphite, trioleyl phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris (2,4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tricyclohexyl phosphite, aryl dialkyl phosphites, alkyl diaryl phosphites, and combinations thereof.
16. The article of claim 14 , wherein the hydrotalcite flow modifying stabilizer in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is selected from the group of formulae consisting of
Mg 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− x/n ·mH 2 O
wherein 0<x≦0.5; A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; and m is a positive number;
(Mg y1 Zn y2 ) 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− ·mH 2 O
wherein A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; 0<x≦0.5; 0.5 <y1<1;0<y2<0.5; and 0≦m<2;
and combinations thereof.
17. The article of claim 14 , wherein the heat stabilizer in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is selected from the group consisting of organometallic esters, organometallic mercaptides and combinations thereof.
18. The article of claim 14 , wherein the lubricant in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is selected from the group consisting of stearates, paraffin waxes, lubricating esters, and combinations thereof.
19. The article of claim 14 , wherein the phosphite flow modifying stabilizer in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is present in the compound at 0.2-4 parts per hundred of polyvinyl halide resin and is 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphite.
20. The article of claim 19 , wherein the hydrotalcite flow modifying stabilizer in the high flow polyvinyl halide compound is present in the compound at 0.2 - 2 parts per hundred of polyvinyl halide resin and is selected from the group of formulae consisting of
Mg 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− x/n ·mH 2 O
wherein 0<x≦0.5; A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; and m is a positive number;
(Mg y1 Zn y2 ) 1-x Al x (OH) 2 A n− x/n ·mH 2 O
wherein A n− denotes an anion of n-valence; 0<x≦0.5; 0.5<y1<1;0<y2<0.5; and 0≦m<2;
and combinations thereof.