Fluoropolymer hollow fiber membrane with fluoro-copolymer and fluoro-terpolymer bonded end portion(s) and method to fabricate
A hollow fiber membrane fluid transport device and its method of manufacture are disclosed wherein the fibers are comprised of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the potting materials are comprised of fluorocopolymer and or fluoroterpolymer based materials. The potting method described herein, utilizes a compressed chemically resistant fluorocopolymer and or fluoroterpolymer film, allows for ease of manufacture without destruction of the PTFE hollow fibers, with high packing densities, and without the processing complexity of pre-melting, extruding, or chemical crosslinking of any polymeric adhesives. Furthermore, the PTFE hollow fibers can be treated with a fluoropolymeric solvent solution before the chemically resistant film is applied to enhance the adhesion of the PTFE fiber to the film. PTFE hollow fibers, and its respective fluoro-co and terpolymers as potting films, impart high packing densities, superb chemical resistance and temperature resistance without membrane contamination, or low fiber pull strength, as is sometimes observed with standard potting materials such as polyurethane and epoxy.
1. A method for producing a hollow fiber membrane fluid transport device, comprising the steps of:
laying a plurality of polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fibers parallel one another, applying a fluorinated homopolymer, copolymer, or terpolymer film on the hollow polytetrafluoroethylene fibers interwoven through interstitial spaces between the fibers near one end or both ends of the hollow polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, rolling the fibers and film into a bundle,
heating the bundle to melt the film;
compressing a portion of the bundle such that molten film flows between the hollow fibers to form an integral bundle of hollow fibers; and
cooling said film and fibers to form a solid mass providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber such that the ends of the hollow fibers are open on one side of the solid mass and the open fiber ends are isolated from the fiber walls of the membrane.
2. The method of claim 1 comprising the step of placing the fiber bundle with the potted ends into a cylindrical containment shell comprised of stainless steel.
3. The method of claim 1 comprising the step of arranging the fibers in a U-shape prior to the step of heating so that after the step of cooling, the fibers form a densely packed fiber bundle with a closed end and an open end, with the open end of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber.
4. The method of claim 1 comprising the step of twisting the fibers 180 degrees after the step of applying the film and then folding the fibers so that the ends overlap so that after the step of cooling, the fibers form a densely packed fiber bundle with a closed end and an open end, with the open end of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein each end of the bundle is heated and compressed separately thereby forming a fiber bundle, such that the ends of the hollow fibers are potted on or near the two ends of the linear fiber bundle.
6. The method of claim 1 for producing a hollow fiber membrane fluid transport device comprising the step of arranging the hollow fibers in a lemniscate shape, wherein the step of heating comprises heating the bundle above the melting point of the film at 80° C. to 300° C., wherein the steps of compressing and cooling produce a densely packed fiber bundle that is potted in the middle of the lemniscate shape with the middle of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber and no open ends.
7. The method of claim 1 comprising the step of placing a second portion of film over the top of the fibers, followed by heating at 80° C. to 300° C. to fuse the said second film with the fibers.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying the film comprises looping an individual film strand back and forth around the hollow fibers.
9. The method of claim 1 where the step of applying the film comprises interlacing the film around the hollow fibers in a weave prior to rolling the fibers into a bundle.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying the film comprises interlacing the film around each hollow fiber in a weave pattern comprising a plain weave, a twill weave, a satin weave, or double single weave.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of rolling comprises rolling the fibers to form a bundle of substantially parallel fibers, wherein the method comprises the step of spirally winding the bundle about an axis which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the parallel fibers while simultaneously applying the potting film to the ends of the membrane fibers.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the potting film has a thickness which is less than the diameter of the hollow fibers.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the potting film has a thickness which is less than one half of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the potting film has a thickness which is less than one tenth of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the film has a thickness which is less than one hundredth of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than or equal to the diameter of the bundle.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one half of the diameter of the bundle.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one tenth of the diameter of the bundle.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one hundredth of the diameter of the bundle.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of potting film along the length of the hollow fiber is even with the ends or near the ends of the hollow fiber.
21. The method of claim 1 comprising the steps of dissolving a portion of polymer substantially similar to the polymer comprising the film in a solvent and applying the dissolved polymer to the hollow fiber and then drying the solvent.
22. The method of claim 1 where the step of applying the film comprises applying the film after the step of drying.
23. The method of claims 21 wherein the steps of applying the dissolved polymer and drying the dissolved polymer infuses the dissolved polymer into pore structure of the hollow fibers, thereby promoting adhesion between the film and hollow fiber.
24. A method for producing a hollow fiber membrane fluid transport device, comprising the steps of:
arranging a plurality of polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fibers parallel to one another;
applying a polymer solution to a portion of the fibers, wherein the polymer solution comprises a fluorinated polymer;
drying the polymer solution;
weaving a fluorinated film with the fibers so that the fluorinated film overlies at least a portion of the fibers onto which the polymer solution was applied;
rolling the fibers and film tightly into a bundle,
heating the film to melt the film such that the film is applied to the fibers at a temperature lower than the melting point of the fibers;
compressing a portion of the bundle such that the film flows between the hollow fibers to form a bundle of hollow fibers; and
cooling the film and fibers to form a fluid-tight seal around the fibers to form a solid mass providing a fluid-tight seal around the fibers.
25. The method of claim 24 further comprising the step of placing the fiber bundle with the potted ends into a cylindrical containment shell comprised of stainless steel.
26. The method of any of claims 24 comprising the step of arranging the fibers in a U-shape prior to the step of heating so that after the step of cooling, the fibers form a densely packed fiber bundle with a closed end and an open end, with the open end of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber.
27. The method of claim 24 comprising the step of twisting the fibers 180 degrees after the step of applying the film and then folding the fibers so that the ends overlap so that after the step of cooling, the fibers form a densely packed fiber bundle with a closed end and an open end, with the open end of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber.
28. The method of claim 24 wherein each end of the bundle is heated and compressed separately thereby forming a fiber bundle, such that the ends of the hollow fibers are potted on or near the two ends of the linear fiber bundle.
29. The method of claim 24 for producing a hollow fiber membrane fluid transport device comprising the step of arranging the hollow fibers in a lemniscate shape, wherein the step of heating comprises heating the bundle above the melting point of the film at 80° C. to 300° C., wherein the steps of compressing and cooling produce a densely packed fiber bundle that is potted in the middle of the lemniscate shape with the middle of the fiber bundle embedded in a solid mass, providing a fluid-tight seal around each fiber and no open ends.
30. The method of claim 24 comprising the step of placing a second portion of film over the top of the fibers, followed by heating at 80° C. to 300° C. to fuse the said second film with the fibers.
31. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying the film comprises looping an individual film strand back and forth around the hollow fibers.
32. The method of claim 24 where the step of applying the film comprises interlacing the film around the hollow fibers in a weave prior to rolling the hollow fibers into a bundle.
33. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying the film comprises interlacing the film around each hollow fiber in a weave pattern comprising a plain weave, a twill weave, a satin weave, or a double single weave.
34. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of rolling comprises rolling the hollow fibers to form a bundle of substantially parallel fibers, wherein the method comprises the step of spirally winding the bundle about an axis which is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the parallel fibers.
35. The method of claim 24 wherein the film has a thickness which is less than the diameter of the hollow fibers.
36. The method of claim 24 wherein the film has a thickness which is less than one half of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
37. The method of claim 24 wherein the film has a thickness which is less than one tenth of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
38. The method of claim 24 wherein the film has a thickness which is less than one hundredth of the diameter of the hollow fibers.
39. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than or equal to the diameter of the bundle.
40. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one half of the diameter of the bundle.
41. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one tenth of the diameter of the bundle.
42. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of film along the length of the hollow fiber is less than one hundredth of the diameter of the bundle.
43. The method of claim 24 wherein the step of applying film comprises applying the film so that the length of the portion of potting film along the length of the hollow fiber is even with the ends or near the ends of the hollow fiber.
44. The method of claim 24 wherein the steps of applying the dissolved polymer and drying the dissolved polymer infuses the dissolved polymer into pore structure of the hollow fibers, thereby promoting adhesion between the film and hollow fiber.
45. The method of claim 24 comprising the step of forming the polymer solution by dissolving a portion of a polymer substantially similar to the polymer comprising the film.