Flame retardant polycarbonate compositions
View Patent ↗The present invention relates to impact-modified polylactic acid/polycarbonate compositions, containing A) 48 to 90 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of aromatic polycarbonate, B) 1 to 40 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of polylactic acid, C) 0.5 to 15 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of graft polymer, D) 2 to 25 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of a salt of a phosphinic acid and optionally additional components such as vinyl polymers and additives, which are distinguished by an optimum combination of high heat resistance, good flame retardance and excellent mechanical properties, to the use of the polycarbonate compositions for the production of mouldings and the mouldings themselves.
1. A composition consisting of
A) 54 to 72 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of an aromatic polycarbonate, wherein the aromatic polycarbonate is a homopolycarbonate based on bisphenol A, a homopolycarbonate based on 1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a copolycarbonate based on bisphenol A and 1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane,
B) 15 to 25 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of a polylactic acid,
C) 5 to 9 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of a graft polymer, wherein the graft polymer is selected from the group consisting of an ABS polymer and a graft polymer with silicon acrylate rubber backbone, wherein C) comprises at least one graft polymer of
C.1 5 to 95 wt. %, of at least one vinyl monomer on
C.2 95 to 5 wt. % of at least one backbone selected from the group consisting of butadiene rubbers and silicone acrylate rubbers,
D) 7.5 to 15 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of a salt of a phosphinic acid,
E) 0 to 10 parts by weight, based on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D=100 of a vinyl (co)polymer, and
F) 0.7 to 5.0 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D=100, of at least one additive as component F selected from the group consisting of flame retardants, flame retardant synergists, anti-drip agents, lubricants and mould release agents, nucleating agents, stabilisers, antistatic agents, acids, fillers and reinforcing materials, dyes and pigments,
wherein the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D in the composition adds up to 100.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polylactic acid of component B comprises, in addition to lactic acid as monomer, at least one further monomer selected from the group consisting of glycolic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, hydroxypentanoic acid, hydroxycaproic acid and hydroxyheptanoic acid.
3. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the proportion of lactic acid monomers is at least 50 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition.
4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein component B is a polylactic acid with a weight average Mw of 40,000 to 120,000.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein D comprises a salt or a mixture of salts of a phosphinic acid of formula (IV),
where
M m+ is a metal cation of the 1st main group (alkali metals; m=1), 2nd main group (alkaline earth metals; m=2) or 3rd main group (m=3) or of the 2nd, 7th or 8th subgroup (wherein m signifies an integer from 1 to 6) of the periodic table.
6. The composition according to claim 5 wherein M m+ =Ca 2+ and m=2.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the average particle size d50 of the phosphinic acid salt of component D is not more than 80 μm.
8. A moulding comprising a composition according to claim 1 .
9. A method of producing a molding as claimed in claim 8 , which comprises mixing A, B, C, D, optionally E, and F to form a mixture and melt-compounding and melt-extruding said mixture at a temperature of from 240° C. to 300° C.
10. A method of claim 9 , wherein said method is conducted using an internal mixer, extruder and/or twin-screw extruder.
11. A moulding of claim 8 which exhibits at least one of the following:
(i) a UL94V test with a after-flame time of less than 50 s,
(ii) a heat resistance of at least 125° C., and/or
(iii) stress cracking resistance ESC with of at least 2 hours measured in rapeseed oil with pre-stretch ε x x=2.4%.
12. A moulding of claim 11 which demonstrates all of said properties (i), (ii), and (iii).
13. The composition according to claim 1 , comprising 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight, based in each case on the sum of the parts by weight of components A+B+C+D, of a vinyl (co)polymer according to component E.
14. A composition of claim 1 , wherein
component A is a linear polycarbonate based on bisphenol A, and
component D comprises a salt or a mixture of salts of a phosphinic acid of formula (IV),
where
M m+ =Ca 2+ and m=2.
15. A composition of claim 1 , wherein C comprises a backbone of silicon acrylate rubber.
16. A composition of claim 1 , wherein C comprises a backbone of butadiene rubber.
17. A composition of claim 1 , wherein C.2 has an average particle size of 0.2 to 1 microns and a Tg of less than minus 10 degrees C.