Active rectifier for vehicles
View Patent ↗A vehicle power system including an unregulated alternator; a saturable reactor receiving an output AC voltage from the alternator and generating a reduced AC voltage in response to a bias signal; and an active rectifier rectifying the reduced AC voltage to a DC voltage.
1. A vehicle power system comprising:
an unregulated alternator;
a saturable reactor receiving an output AC voltage from the alternator and generating a reduced AC voltage in response to a bias signal; and
an active rectifier rectifying the reduced AC voltage to a DC voltage;
wherein the active rectifier includes a circuit including:
a transistor receiving the reduced AC voltage;
a comparator for comparing a first voltage at a first terminal of the transistor to a second voltage at a second terminal of the transistor;
and a driver coupled to the comparator, the driver turning the transistor on and off in response to a control signal from the comparator;
wherein the transistor includes a source terminal coupled to an inverting input of the comparator;
the comparator includes a hysteresis resistor between a comparator output terminal and a comparator non-inverting input.
2. The vehicle power system of claim 1 wherein the DC voltage is 28 volts.
3. The vehicle power system of claim 1 wherein:
the driver generates a drive signal, the drive signal applied to a gate terminal of the transistor.
4. The vehicle power system of claim 3 wherein:
the driver is coupled to the gate terminal of the transistor through a drive resistor.
5. The vehicle power system of claim 4 wherein:
the drive resistor and capacitance of the transistor form an RC network to filter jitter from the drive signal.
6. The vehicle power system of claim 5 wherein:
the drive resistor has a value of about 2 kohms.
7. The vehicle power system of claim 1 further comprising:
a second transistor in parallel with the transistor, the second transistor receiving the reduced AC voltage;
the comparator comparing a first voltage at a first terminal of the second transistor to a second voltage at a second terminal of the second transistor;
the driver turning the second transistor on and off in response to the control signal from the comparator.
8. The vehicle power system of claim 7 wherein:
the driver is coupled to a gate terminal of the second transistor through a second drive resistor.
9. The vehicle power system of claim 1 wherein:
the comparator generates a turn-on control signal when the forward bias voltage of the transistor is at a turn-on threshold and the comparator generates a turn-off control signal when the forward bias voltage of the transistor is at a turn-off threshold, the turn-off threshold being a non-zero value in which a source of the transistor is more positive than a drain of the transistor.
10. The vehicle power system of claim 9 wherein:
the turn-on threshold is about 75 millivolts where the source of the transistor is more positive than the drain of the transistor.
11. The vehicle power system of claim 9 wherein:
the turn-off threshold is about 25 millivolts where the source of the transistor is more positive than the drain of the transistor.
12. A vehicle power system comprising:
an unregulated alternator;
a saturable reactor receiving an output AC voltage from the alternator and generating a reduced AC voltage in response to a bias signal; and
an active rectifier rectifying the reduced AC voltage to a 28 volt DC voltage;
wherein the active rectifier includes a circuit including:
a transistor receiving voltage the reduced AC voltage;
a comparator for comparing a first voltage at a first terminal of the transistor to a second voltage at a second terminal of the transistor;
and a driver coupled to the comparator, the driver turning the transistor on and off in response to a control signal from the comparator, the driver generating a drive signal, the drive signal applied to a gate terminal of the transistor;
wherein the transistor includes a source terminal coupled to an inverting input of the comparator, the comparator includes a hysteresis resistor between a comparator output terminal and a comparator non-inverting input;
wherein the driver is coupled to a gate terminal of the transistor through a drive resistor, the drive resistor and capacitance of the transistor forming an RC network to filter jitter from the drive signal, the drive resistor having a value of about 2 kohms;
wherein the comparator generates a turn-on control signal when the forward bias voltage of the transistor is at a turn-on threshold and the comparator generates a turn-off control signal when the forward bias voltage of the transistor is at a turn-off threshold, the turn-off threshold being a positive, non-zero value, the turn-on threshold is about 75 millivolts where a source of the transistor is more positive than a drain of the transistor and the turn-off threshold is about 25 millivolts where the source of the transistor is more positive than the drain of the transistor.
13. The vehicle power system of claim 12 further comprising:
a second transistor in parallel with the transistor, the second transistor receiving the reduced AC voltage;
the comparator comparing a first voltage at a first terminal of the second transistor to a second voltage at a second terminal of the second transistor;
the driver turning the second transistor on and off in response to a control signal from the comparator, the driver coupled to a gate terminal of the second transistor through a second drive resistor.