THIN FILM BUFFER LAYER SOLUTION DEPOSITION ASSEMBLY
Methods and devices are provided for improved deposition systems. In one non-limiting example, a deposition system is provided for use with a solution and a substrate. The system comprises of a solution deposition apparatus; at least one heating chamber; at least one assembly for holding a solution over the substrate; and a substrate curling apparatus for curling at least one edge of the substrate to define a zone capable of containing a volume of the solution over the substrate. In another embodiment of the present invention, a deposition system for use with a substrate, the system comprising a solution deposition apparatus; at heating chamber; and at least assembly for holding solution over the substrate to allow for a depth of at least about 0.5 microns to 10 mm.
1 . A buffer layer deposition system for use with a solution and an exposed surface of a solar cell absorber layer disposed on a continuous flexible substrate for manufacturing solar cells, the system comprising:
a solution deposition apparatus;
at least one heated processing bed;
at least one assembly for holding a solution over the substrate;
a substrate curling apparatus for curling at least one edge of the substrate to define a zone capable of containing a volume of the solution over the substrate, wherein the assembly curls at least two edges of the substrate; and
each of the edges having at least one sealing member in contact with the edge and configured to extend into solution on the substrate.
2 . The system of claim 1 wherein the assembly for holding solution over the substrate to allow for a depth of at least about 1 mm to about 5 mm.
3 . The system of claim 1 wherein the curling apparatus curls opposing edges of the substrate.
4 . The system of claim 3 wherein the curling apparatus is configured to transition a planar substrate to a substrate with curls along two edges, wherein the transition occurs over a distance sufficient prevent permanent deformation of the substrate when the substrate is uncurled.
5 . The system of claim 1 further comprising using a deposition station to deposit one component of the solution to clean the substrate prior to heating the solution to processing temperature.
6 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises a precursor for forming a junction partner for a group IB-IIIA-VIA absorber layer.
7 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises a precursor for forming a junction partner selected from the group consisting of: cadmium sulfide (CdS), zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc hydroxide, zinc selenide (ZnSe).
8 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises of a Group IIB ionic species is obtained from an aqueous solution of one or more of the following: sulfate, acetate, bromide, fluoride, chloride, iodide, hydroxide, nitrate, oxalate, citrate, phosphate, tungstate, or hydrates of the Group IIB species.
9 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises of a Group VIA ionic species is obtained from an aqueous solution of one or more of the following: oxides, halides, sulfates, nitrates, or ureates of the Group VIA species.
10 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution has a pH of from about 9 to about 14.
11 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution has a pH of from about 11 to about 12.
12 . The system of claim 1 wherein the assembly for holding solution is at least partially contained in the heating chamber.
13 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises a precursor for forming a Group IIB-VIA junction partner.
14 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises a precursor for forming a junction partner selected from the group consisting of: cadmium sulfide (CdS), zinc sulfide (ZnS), zinc hydroxide, zinc selenide (ZnSe).
15 . The system of claim 1 wherein the solution comprises of a Group IIB ionic species is obtained from an aqueous solution of one or more of the following: sulfate, acetate, bromide, fluoride, chloride, iodide, hydroxide, nitrate, oxalate, citrate, phosphate, tungstate, or hydrates of the Group IIB species.
16 . A buffer layer deposition system for use with a solution and an exposed surface of a solar cell absorber layer disposed on a continuous flexible substrate for manufacturing solar cells, the system comprising:
a substrate curling apparatus for curling at least one edge of the substrate to define a zone capable of containing a volume of the solution over the substrate, wherein the assembly curls at least two edges of the substrate; and
each of the edges having at least one sealing member to minimize loss of process gas above the substrate.