Compensating optical coupler for visible and NIR imaging
An optical system, in particular for endoscopic applications, is disclosed which uses wavelength-compensating optical components, in particular prisms, made of materials with different inter-element coatings and refractive indices to image significantly different wavelength-ranges (VIS and NIR) onto the same image plane of an image acquisition device, such as a CCD sensor.
1. An optical coupler comprising:
an afocal prism assembly configured to receive light from an optical instrument, the light from the optical instrument including visible light and near-infrared light having different optical path lengths to respective visible and near-infrared focal plane locations, the prism assembly being configured to cause the visible light and near-infrared light to traverse separate optical paths to correct for path length difference such that visible and near infrared images can be formed on substantially the same image plane.
2. The optical coupler of claim 1 , wherein the prism assembly comprises adjoining prisms, with at least one of the adjoining prisms made of a different material having different indices of refraction than the other adjoining prisms.
3. The optical coupler of claim 2 , wherein the adjoining prisms contact each other and wherein interfaces between the adjoining prisms have an optical coating constructed to reflect one of the visible light and the near-infrared light and to transmit the other of the visible light and the near-infrared light.
4. The optical coupler of claim 2 , wherein the adjoining prisms comprise two dove prisms made of different materials, with the bases of the dove prisms contacting each other.
5. The optical coupler of claim 4 , wherein each dove prism is composed of two prisms having different shapes and being made of different materials, with the first of the two prisms being a rectangular prism made of a first material and the second prism being a parallelepiped prism to form in combination the dove prism.
6. The optical coupler of claim 1 , wherein the afocal prism assembly is configured to recombine the separated optical paths of the visible light and near-infrared light.
7. The optical coupler of claim 6 , further comprising:
an imaging lens assembly configured to receive the corrected and recombined visible and near infrared light from the afocal prism assembly and to focus an optical image on a focal plane, the optical image including a visible light image and a near infrared image.
8. The optical coupler of claim 1 , wherein the afocal prism assembly comprises:
a first lens assembly configured to impart increased power to the visible light and near-infrared light received from the optical instrument,
a multi-element prism configured to receive the visible light and the near-infrared light of increased power from the first lens assembly and cause the visible light and near-infrared light to traverse separate optical paths to correct for path length difference such that visible and near infrared images can be formed on substantially the same image plane, and
a second lens assembly configured to receive the corrected visible light and near-infrared light from the multi-element prism and to impart a power to the visible light and near-infrared light that is opposite to that of the first lens assembly.
9. An optical coupler comprising:
an afocal prism assembly configured to receive light from an optical instrument, the light from the optical instrument including visible light and near-infrared light having different optical path lengths to respective visible and near-infrared focal plane locations, the afocal prism assembly including
a first lens assembly configured to impart increased power to the visible light and near-infrared light received from the optical instrument,
a multi-element prism configured to receive the visible light and the near-infrared light of increased power from the first lens assembly and cause the visible light and near-infrared light to traverse separate optical paths to correct for path length difference such that visible and near infrared images can be formed on substantially the same image plane, and
a second lens assembly configured to receive the corrected visible light and near-infrared light from the multi-element prism and to impart a power to the visible light and near-infrared light that is opposite to that of the first lens assembly; and
an imaging lens assembly configured to receive the visible and the near infrared light from the second lens assembly and to focus an optical image on a focal plane, the optical image including a visible light image and a near infrared image.
10. The optical coupler of claim 9 , wherein the afocal prism assembly is configured to recombine the separated optical paths of the visible light and near-infrared light.
11. The optical coupler of claim 9 , wherein the imaging lens assembly is configured to correct for aberrations in the near-infrared image without compromising the visible image.
12. An optical imaging assembly comprising:
an endoscope configured to acquire visible light and near-infrared light from a target, the visible light and the near-infrared light having different optical path lengths to respective visible and near-infrared focal plane locations;
an afocal prism assembly configured to receive the visible light and the near-infrared light from the endoscope and to cause the visible light and near-infrared light to traverse separate optical paths to correct for path length difference such that visible and near infrared images can be formed on substantially the same image plane;
an imaging lens assembly configured to receive the visible and the near infrared light from the afocal prism assembly assembly and to focus an optical image on a focal plane, the optical image including a visible light image and a near infrared image.
13. The optical coupler of claim 12 , wherein the image plane is an optical input surface of an image sensor sensitive in the visible and near-infrared spectral range.
14. The optical coupler of claim 12 , wherein the image plane is formed by separate surfaces of a multi-channel prism, with the separate surfaces having image sensors which are sensitive to different wavelength bands in the visible and near-infrared spectral range.
15. The optical imaging system of claim 12 , wherein the afocal prism assembly is configured to recombine the separated optical paths of the visible light and near-infrared light.
16. The optical imaging system of claim 12 , wherein the imaging lens assembly is configured to correct for aberrations in the near-infrared image without compromising the visible image.
17. The optical imaging assembly of claim 12 , wherein the afocal prism assembly comprises:
a first lens assembly configured to impart increased power to the visible light and near-infrared light received from the optical instrument,
a multi-element prism configured to receive the visible light and the near-infrared light of increased power from the first lens assembly and cause the visible light and near-infrared light to traverse separate optical paths to correct for path length difference such that visible and near infrared images can be formed on substantially the same image plane, and
a second lens assembly configured to receive the corrected visible light and near-infrared light from the multi-element prism and to impart a power to the visible light and near-infrared light that is opposite to that of the first lens assembly.
18. The optical imaging assembly of claim 17 , wherein the multi-element prism comprises:
a first element made of a first material having a first index of refraction, the first element being arranged to receive light from the first lens assembly;
a second element made of second material having a second index of refraction, the second index of refraction being different from the first index of refraction, the second element being arranged to receive light from the first element;
a diagonal surface between the first element and the second element, a first portion of the diagonal surface having a first coating, and a second portion of the diagonal surface having a second coating,
wherein when the first index of refraction is greater than the second index of refraction, the visible light and the near-infrared light will encounter a long pass coating at the first portion of the diagonal surface and a short pass coating at the second portion of the diagonal surface, and
wherein when the second index of refraction is greater than the first index of refraction, the visible light and the near-infrared light will encounter a short pass coating at the first portion of the diagonal surface and a long pass coating at the second portion of the diagonal surface.
19. The optical imaging assembly of claim 12 , further comprising an imaging processor configured to compensate for lateral differences or residual magnification differences between the visible light image and the near-infrared image.