Magnetically insensitive, highly hard and constant-modulus alloy, and its production method, as well as hair spring, mechanical driving apparatus and watch and clock
A constant-modulus alloy, which has a low saturation magnetic flux density to provide weakly magnetic properties, a high Young's modulus, a low temperature coefficient of Young's modulus, and high hardness, is provided. A hairspring, a mechanical driving apparatus and a watch and clock, in which the alloy is used, are provided. The alloy consists of Co, Ni, Cr, Mo. and Fe. The alloy is healed and cooled before being subjected to repeated wiredrawing and intermediate annealing, forming a wire with a fiber structure having a <111> fiber axis. The wire is then cold rolled into a sheet and heated to obtain optimal magnetic insensitivity and hardness.
1. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy, containing, by atomic weight ratio, 20-40% Co and 7 to 22% Ni, with the total of Co and Ni being 42.0 to 49.5%, 5 to 13% Cr and 1 to 6% Mo, with the total of Cr and Mo being 13.5 to 16.0%, and with the balance being essentially Fe (with the proviso that Fe is present 37% or more) and inevitable impurities, characterized in that the alloy has a {110}<111> texture, as well as a saturation magnetic flux density of 2500 to 3500 G, a temperature coefficient of Young's modulus of (−5˜+5)—10 −5 degrees C. −1 of as measured at 0 to 40 degrees C., and a Vickers hardness of 350 to 550.
2. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 1 , further containing as an auxiliary element(s) 5% or less of one or more of W, V, Cu, Mn, Al, Si, Ti, Be, B, each, 3% or less of Nb, Ta, Au, Ag, platinum group element, Zr, Hf, total amount of the auxiliary element(s) being 0.001 to 10.0%, the total amount of sum of said Cr and Mo plus the auxiliary elements being 13.5 to 16.0%.
3. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard constant-modulus alloy according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein said {110}<111> texture is formed by: wiredrawing of a material having a nonoriented structure; repeating the wiredrawing and an intermediate annealing at 800 to 950 degrees C. to form a <111> fiber structure; subsequent rolling of the wire at a predetermined working ratio; and a subsequent heating at a temperature of 580 to 700 degrees C.
4. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 3 , containing, in atomic weight ratio, 24.0 to 38.5% Co, 7.5 to 21.0% Ni, 6.0 to 11.6% Cr, and 1.5 to 5.5% Mo.
5. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 3 , containing, in atomic ratio, 30.0 to 35.0% Co, 10.0 to 18.0% Ni, 8.0 to 11.0% Cr, and 2.5 to 5.5% Mo.
6. A magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 5 , wherein the working ratio of wiredrawing is 92.8 to 99.9%, and the rolling reduction of rolling is 40 to 80%.
7. A hair spring formed from the magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 6 .
8. A mechanical driving apparatus comprising the spiral main spring according to claim 7 .
9. A watch and clock, in which the mechanical driving apparatus according to claim 8 is mounted.
10. A method for producing a magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy, characterized in that an alloy having a composition according to claim 1 or 2 , is wrought to an appropriate shape by means of forging or hot working; homogenizing to form a non-oriented structure by heating to 1100 degrees C. or higher and lower than the melting point, followed by cooling; subsequently, repeating wiredrawing and intermediate annealing at 800 to 950 degrees C., thereby forming a wire by at a working ratio of 90% or more; subsequently rolling the wire at a rolling reduction of 20% or more, thereby obtaining a sheet; and, subsequently, heating the sheet at a temperature of 580 to 700 degrees C.
11. A method for producing a magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy, according to claim 10 containing, in atomic weight ratio, 24.0 to 38.5% Co, 7.5 to 21.0% Ni, 6.0 to 11.6% Cr, and 1.5 to 5.5% Mo.
12. A method for producing a magnetically insensitive, highly hard, constant-modulus alloy according to claim 10 , containing, in atomic weight ratio, 30.0 to 35. % Co, 10.0 to 18.0% Ni, 8.0 to 11.0% Cr, and 2.5 to 5.5% Mo.