Dispersion structuring agent
Disclosed is a novel method of making a structuring agent for edible dispersions such as margarines or spreads. Fat, or another structuring component, is subjected to a process involving mixing it with liquefied gas or supercritical gas, and expanding the mixture through an orifice. In the invention, water is added to the mixture prior to expansion, so as to provide a spray liquid in the form of a fat and water emulsion.
1. A method of making a composition suitable for use as a dispersion structuring agent, the method comprising:
preparing a spray liquid comprising a structuring component in a liquid state and gas in a liquefied or supercritical state distributed in the spray liquid and an emulsifier, the structuring component being fat,
subjecting the spray liquid to a first pressure P 1 ,
adding water to the spray liquid subjected to the first pressure P 1 prior to spraying so as to form a water-in-oil emulsion of the structuring component and water as a spray liquid mixture, wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 5 to 50 wt. %, and
expanding said spray liquid mixture by spraying it through an orifice to an environment having a second pressure P 2 , with P 1 >P 2 ,
wherein the composition suitable for use as a dispersion structuring agent has a powder density of from 0.16 g/ml to 0.34 g/ml, and the dispersion structuring agent comprises fat and water.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein P 1 is 5-40 MPa and P 2 is ambient pressure.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in the expanding step, the spraying is conducted by means of a spray-jet wherein the spray liquid is at least partially solidified.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 25 to 50 wt. %.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the gas is supercritical carbon dioxide.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water in the composition is the sole source of water in the emulsion.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in the expanding step, by spraying the spray liquid mixture through the orifice, the spray liquid is solidified and the method further comprises removing water from the structuring agent when the structuring component of the spray liquid is solidified to obtain a solid fat or solid fat particles.
8. A mixture comprising (a) an oil and (b) a fat composition obtainable by a method as defined in claim 1 .
9. The mixture according to claim 8 , wherein the fat content in the fat-oil mixture ranges from 2.5-20% by weight.
10. The mixture according to claim 8 for making an oil and water dispersion, wherein the mixture is dispersed with water.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersion is a margarine.
12. The mixture according to claim 8 , wherein the fat content in the fat-oil mixture ranges from 5-15% by weight.
13. A method of making a stabilized oil-containing dispersion, the method comprising:
making a structuring agent having a powder density of from 0.16 g/ml to 0.34 g/ml, comprising the steps of:
preparing a spray liquid comprising a structuring component in a liquid state and gas in a liquefied or supercritical state distributed in the spray liquid and an emulsifier, the structuring component being fat,
subjecting the spray liquid to a first pressure P 1 ,
adding water to the spray liquid subjected to the first pressure P 1 prior to spraying so as to form a water-in-oil emulsion of the structuring component and water as a spray liquid mixture, wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 5 to 50 wt. %, and
expanding said spray liquid mixture by spraying it through an orifice to an environment having a second pressure P 2 , with P 1 >P 2 ;
mixing oil and the structuring agent to prepare an oil-structuring agent mixture; and
mixing the oil-structuring agent mixture with an aqueous phase to form a dispersion, wherein the dispersion comprises fat and water.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein P 1 is 5-40 MPa and P 2 is ambient pressure.
15. The method according to claim 13 , wherein in the expanding step, the spraying is conducted by means of a spray-jet wherein the spray liquid is at least partially solidified.
16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the water in the spray liquid mixture comprises from 25 to 50 wt. %.
17. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the gas is supercritical carbon dioxide.