Electromagnetic treatment of tissues and cells
Provided herein are methods, devices and compositions to conductively or to inductively fix substrates, including tissues, using electromagnetic energy. Also provided is a method of controlling the fixing process via feedback monitoring of a property of the composition and/or of the electromagnetic energy used.
1 . A method of treatment for one or more substrates in an individual, comprising:
positioning a means of securing said substrate(s) proximally thereto, wherein said securing means is a susceptor or comprises a susceptor;
applying energy to said substrate(s) or to said susceptor or to a combination thereof to generate heat therein; and
fixing said substrate(s) via said heat thereby effecting treatment.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said one or more substrates is a tissue, an implant or a bandage.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said susceptor is a metal, a liposome encapsulating a metal, a dye, an ion, a mixture of ions, or an ultrasound contrast agent, comprises matter with non-zero electrical conductivity or is diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said securing means is a surgical fastener, a laminate or a surgical fitting.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein said surgical fastener is a staple, a clip or a suture.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said securing means further comprises an adherend.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein said adherend is a protein or a polymer.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said energy is conductively or inductively applied.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said energy is applied in pulses.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said energy is radiofrequency energy, radiant energy, or vibrational energy.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein said radiofrequency energy has a frequency of about 20 KHz to about 40 GHz.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy generates an electromagnetic field.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein said electromagnetic field is generated via an antenna.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein said antenna comprises a single, double or more coils of electrical conductor or is a solenoid antenna.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein said electrical conductor is a solid wire or hollow tubing.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein fixing said substrate(s) forms a scaffold or a lattice structure within said substrate or between substrates, seals a tissue, fills a tissue defect, or bonds tissues together.
17 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
controlling the fixing of said one or more substrates via feedback monitoring of a property of said susceptor, said energy or a combination thereof.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein said property is heat, an electrical property, eddy currents, conductivity, or frequency changes or a combination thereof.
19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein heat is monitored via optical detection.
20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein said optical detection is infrared.
21 . A fusion composition to secure a substrate comprising:
a susceptor; and
an adherend.
22 . The fusion composition of claim 21 , wherein said susceptor is a metal, a liposome encapsulating a metal, a dye, an ion, a mixture of ions, or an ultrasound contrast agent, comprises matter with non-zero electrical conductivity or is diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic
23 . The fusion composition of claim 21 , wherein said adherend is a protein or a polymer.
24 . The fusion composition of claim 21 , wherein said composition comprises a surgical fastener, a laminate or a surgical fitting.
25 . The fusion composition of claim 24 , wherein said surgical fastener is a staple, a clip or a suture.
26 . The fusion composition of claim 21 , further comprising:
a heat-sensitive material.
27 . The fusion composition of claim 26 , wherein said heat-sensitive material is a dye, a ferromagnetic material or a liposome.
28 . A device for fixing tissues, comprising:
a means to provide energy;
the fusion composition of claim 25 ;
an applicator comprising said fusion composition;
a means of applying said energy to said fusion composition; and
a means to control a property of said fusion composition or said energy or a combination thereof.
29 . The device of claim 28 , wherein said energy is radiofrequency energy, radiant energy, or vibrational energy.
30 . The device of claim 29 , wherein said radiofrequency energy has a frequency of about 20 KHz to about 40 GHz.
31 . The device of claim 28 , wherein said means of applying energy is inductive or conductive.
32 . The device of claim 31 , wherein said inductive means of applying energy is an antenna.
33 . The device of claim 32 , wherein said antenna comprises a single, double or more coils of electrical conductor or is a solenoid antenna.
34 . The device of claim 32 , wherein said electrical conductor is a solid wire or hollow tubing.
35 . The device of claim 31 , wherein said conductive means of applying energy comprises an electrode, an electrode pair or an electrode array.
36 . The device of claim 28 , wherein said control means is self-limiting.
37 . The device of claim 36 , wherein said self-limiting control means is a heat-sensitive dye, a liposome or a ferromagnetic material.
38 . The device of claim 28 , wherein said property is heat, an electrical property, eddy currents, conductivity, or frequency changes or a combination thereof.
39 . The method of claim 38 , wherein heat is monitored via optical detection.
40 . The device of claim 39 , wherein said optical detection is infrared.
41 . A method of monitoring electrical conductivity in a biological sample, comprising:
inductively generating an electromagnetic field proximally to said sample to heat said sample;
monitoring eddy currents in said sample generated via the electromagnetic field; and
correlating eddy current density with electrical conductivity in said biological sample thereby monitoring said electrical conductivity.
42 . The method of claim 41 , wherein said biological sample is in vivo or in vitro.
43 . The method of claim 41 , wherein said biological sample is a tissue, a fusion composition or a combination thereof.
44 . The method of claim 41 , wherein said biological sample comprises a diagnostic assay.