Total disc implant
A total disc implant (TDI) is provided for total replacement of a spinal disc or discs in a human patient or other mammal, wherein the TDI is designed to maintain a substantially full range of natural motion (ROM) following implantation. The TDI generally comprises, in one preferred form, upper and lower end plates for affixation to adjacent vertebral bodies, with an intervening insert disposed therebetween. The end plates each include elongated part-cylindrical surfaces oriented, generally perpendicular to each other, with one of the surfaces extending in an anterior-posterior direction and the other extending in a medial-lateral direction. The intervening insert defines concave upper and lower part-cylindrical seats oriented, for respectively engaging these part-cylindrical surfaces, wherein these part-cylindrical seats are defined by offset radii to include a somewhat flattened central base region merging smoothly with upwardly curving radiused sides.
1. A spinal disc implant, comprising:
a first component comprising a first bearing surface and another surface for abutment to a vertebral body; and
a second component comprising a second bearing surface and another surface for abutment to another vertebral body, one of said first and second bearing surfaces having an at least partially convex shape for articulation with the other of said first and second bearing surfaces having an at least partially concave shape;
wherein at least one of said first and second bearing surfaces comprises a biocompatible ceramic material comprising doped silicon nitride having a flexural strength greater than about 700 Mega-Pascal (MPa) and a toughness greater than about 7 Mega-Pascal root meter (MPam 0.5),
wherein at least one of said first and second bearing surfaces has a cross sectional shape defined by laterally spaced-apart, offset radii to include a generally flattened base segment interposed between a pair of curved sides, said bearing surfaces facing each other and extending generally on orthogonal axes relative to each other.
2. The disc implant of claim 1 wherein said doped silicon nitride further includes dopants selected from the group consisting of yttrium oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium oxide, alumina, and combinations thereof.
3. The spinal disc implant of claim 2 wherein said doped silicon nitride comprises Si 3 N 4 doped with 6 weight % Y 2 O 3 +4 weight % Al 2 O 3 .
4. The spinal disc implant of claim 1 wherein both of said first and second bearing surfaces comprise a ceramic material with a flexural strength greater than about 700Mega-Pascal (MPa) and a toughness greater than about 7 Mega-Pascal root meter (MPam 0.5 ).