Optical unit and display device having the same

1. A display device, comprising:

a display unit, displaying an image; and

an optical unit including:

a first substrate on the display unit,

a first electrode on the first substrate,

a liquid crystal layer on the first electrode and configured to be responsive to a vertical electric field or a horizontal electric field,

a second electrode on the liquid crystal layer,

an insulation layer on the second electrode,

a third electrode on the insulation layer, and

a second substrate on the third electrode,

wherein, when the liquid crystal layer is responsive to the vertical electric field, the optical unit is configured to transmit left and right eye images with a same polarization axis, and when the liquid crystal layer is responsive to the horizontal electric field, the optical unit is configured to transmit left and right eye images with different polarization axes.

2. The display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first electrode includes:

a plurality of first sub-electrodes separated from each other and extending in a first direction,

a first connection electrode connecting ends of the plurality of first sub-electrodes,

a plurality of second sub-electrodes between neighboring first sub-electrodes of the plurality of first sub-electrodes, the second sub-electrodes separated from each other and extending in the first direction, and

a second connection electrode being separated from the first connection electrode via a second sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes, the second sub-electrode being interposed between the second connection electrode and the first connection electrode, and connecting ends of the plurality of second sub-electrodes.

3. The display device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein:

the third electrode has a plate shape.

4. The display device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein:

the liquid crystal layer is configured to be responsive to the vertical electric field.

5. The display device as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising a voltage source configured to apply:

a first voltage to the second electrode, to the third electrode, and to a second sub-electrode of the plurality of second sub-electrodes, the second and third electrodes being on a same side of the liquid crystal layer, and

a second voltage greater than the first voltage to a first sub-electrode of the plurality of first sub-electrodes, the first and second sub-electrodes being on an opposite side of the liquid crystal layer relative to the second and third electrodes.

6. The display device as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:

the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal,

the liquid crystal corresponds to the neighboring first sub-electrodes and has a lens shape, and

the display unit is configured to display the left-eye image and the right-eye image as an image between the neighboring first sub-electrodes.

7. The display device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein:

the liquid crystal layer is configured to be responsive to the horizontal electric field.

8. The display device as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the optical unit further includes an alignment layer rubbed in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the alignment layer being positioned in at least one of:

between the first electrode and the liquid crystal layer and between the second electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

9. The display device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of third sub-electrodes separated from each other and extending in the second direction.

10. The display device as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the plurality of third sub-electrodes includes a plurality of openings separated from and extending in the second direction.

11. The display device as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a voltage source configured to apply:

a third voltage sequentially to the third sub-electrodes, the third voltage being applied sequentially from one of the third sub-electrodes, which third sub-electrode is adjacent to one end of the second substrate, to another third sub-electrode of another end of the second substrate of the plurality of third sub-electrodes, and

a fourth voltage to the third electrode.

12. The display device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein

the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal,

the liquid crystal corresponds to the third sub-electrode applied with the third voltage, the liquid crystal being arranged to have a long axis thereof aligned in a direction parallel to the first direction, and

the display unit is configured to display a combined image of the left-eye image and the right-eye image as an image corresponding to the third sub-electrode applied with the third voltage.

13. The display device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein:

the second electrode includes:

a plurality of fourth sub-electrodes separated from each other and extending in the second direction,

a third connection electrode connecting the ends of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes,

a plurality of fifth sub-electrodes between neighboring fourth sub-electrodes of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes, the fifth sub-electrodes being separated from each other and extending in the second direction, and

a fourth connection electrode separated from the third connection electrode via a fifth sub-electrode interposed therebetween and connecting ends of the plurality of fifth sub-electrodes.

14. The display device as claimed in claim 13 , further comprising a voltage source configured to apply a fifth voltage to a fourth sub-electrode of the plurality of fourth sub-electrodes and to a fifth sub-electrode of the plurality of fifth sub-electrodes.

15. The display device as claimed in claim 14 , wherein:

the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal,

the liquid crystal corresponds to the fourth sub-electrode and the fifth sub-electrode applied with the fifth voltage, the liquid crystal being arranged such that a long axis thereof is arranged in a direction parallel to the first direction, and

the display unit is configured to display a combined image of the left-eye image and the right-eye image as an image.

16. The display device as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising:

polarizing spectacles facing the optical unit and including

a left eye polarizing plate having one optical axis among a first optical axis parallel to the first direction and a second optical axis parallel to the second direction, and

a right eye polarizing plate having the other optical axis among the first optical axis and the second optical axis.

17. The display device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein:

the optical unit further includes a first retarder on the second substrate, and

the polarizing spectacles further include a second retarder on the left eye polarizing plate and the right eye polarizing plate and facing the first retarder.

18. The display device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein:

the first retarder and the second retarder are ¼ wavelength plates.

19. The display device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising polarizing spectacles, the polarizing spectacles being configured to transmit an image only when the liquid crystal layer is responsive to the horizontal electric field.

20. An optical unit facing a display unit, comprising:

a first substrate on the display unit;

a first electrode on the first substrate;

a liquid crystal layer on the first electrode and configured to be responsive to a vertical electric field or a horizontal electric field, the liquid crystal layer including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules;

a second electrode on the liquid crystal layer;

an insulation layer on the second electrode;

a third electrode on the insulation layer; and

a second substrate on the third electrode,

wherein, when the liquid crystal layer is responsive to the vertical electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged to define a plurality of lenses corresponding to the first electrodes, and when the liquid crystal layer is responsive to the horizontal electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along first and second directions perpendicular to each other, the first and second directions being parallel to each of the first and second substrates.