Superabsorbent polymer composite comprising a superabsorbent polymer and cellulosic nanofibrils
A superabsorbent polymer composite including superabsorbent polymers and cellulosic nanofibrils having a diameter equal to or less than 100 nm. The composite may be in the form of particles or a foam. Methods for producing the composite and absorbent articles including the superabsorbent polymer composite are also provided.
1. A superabsorbent polymer composite comprising cellulosic nanofibrils having a diameter equal to or less than 100 nm incorporated within a three-dimensional network of polymer chains of a superabsorbent polymer.
2. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , wherein the composite does not contain cellulosic fibers having an average diameter greater than 100 μm.
3. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , wherein the superabsorbent polymer comprises CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) or a repeating unit derived from the group consisting of acrylic acid and its salts, methacrylic acids and its salts, and combinations thereof.
4. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , further comprising an organic cross-linker.
5. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 4 , wherein the superabsorbent polymer composite has an organic cross-linker content of 0.1-20 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
6. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 5 , wherein the organic cross-linker content is 0.5-15 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
7. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 6 , wherein the organic cross-linker content is 0.5-5 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
8. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , wherein the composite has a nanofibril content of 0.1-20 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
9. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 8 , wherein the nanofibril content is 0.5-15 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
10. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 9 , wherein the nanofibril content is 0.5-5 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
11. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , further comprising cellulosic microfibers having a diameter greater than 100 nm but less than or equal to 100 μm.
12. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 11 , wherein the cellulosic microfibers have a diameter greater than 100 nm but less than or equal to 10 μm.
13. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 11 , wherein the composite has a microfiber content of 0.1-20 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
14. The superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 13 , wherein the microfiber content is 0.5-15 wt % compared to the amount of superabsorbent monomer in the composite.
15. A superabsorbent polymer composite particle comprising the superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 .
16. A superabsorbent polymer composite foam comprising the superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 .
17. The superabsorbent polymer composite foam according to claim 16 , wherein the nanofibrils are incorporated into the pore walls of the foam.
18. The superabsorbent polymer composite foam according to claim 16 , wherein the foam has a pore size gradient.
19. The superabsorbent polymer composite foam according to claim 16 , wherein the foam comprises one or more substances selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, surfactants, and blowing agents.
20. An absorbent article having an absorbent structure comprising the superabsorbent polymer composite of claim 1 .
21. The absorbent article according to claim 20 , wherein said absorbent article is a diaper, a pant diaper, an incontinence guard, or a sanitary napkin and of the kind comprising a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid impervious backsheet and said absorbent structure arranged therebetween.
22. A method for making a superabsorbent polymer composite according to claim 1 , said method comprising the steps of:
a. providing cellulosic nanofibrils having a diameter equal to or less than 100 nm suspended in a solvent,
b. optionally, adding microfibers having a diameter greater than 100 nm but less than or equal to 100 μm suspended in a solvent,
c. adding one or more monomers
d. adding a neutralizer,
e. adding a crosslinker,
f. adding an initiator, and
h. polymerizing the monomers and crosslinker to form a superabsorbent polymer composite comprising superabsorbent polymers, cellulosic nanofibrils and optionally microfibers,
wherein the steps (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) can take place in any order.
23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the initiator is at least one selected from the group consisting of oxidizing initiators, azo initiators, photoinitiators, and thermal initiators.
24. The method according to claim 22 , further comprising the step of (g) forming the mixture of one or more monomers with at least one of nanofibrils or microfibers into a foam; after steps (a)-(f), but before step (h).
25. The method for making an absorbent structure, said method comprising carrying out the method of claim 22 , and incorporating the resulting superabsorbent polymer composite, foam or particles into said absorbent structure.
26. The method according to claim 22 , further comprising the step of (i) forming the composite into particles.
27. The method according to claim 26 , further comprising the steps of adding one or more substances selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, surfactants, and blowing agents.
28. The method according to claim 26 , further comprising the steps of adding a viscosity control agent.