Violet laser excitable dyes and their method of use

1. A compound according to the formula:

wherein

X is carbon;

Y is nitrogen;

Z is sulfur or oxygen;

R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 1 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 2 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 2 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 3 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 3 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 4 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 4 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 5 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 6 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 6 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 7 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 7 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 8 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 8 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 9 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7-aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 9 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support;

R 10 is hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, sulfo, halogen, amino, substituted amino, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, ester, azido, nitro, nitroso, cyano, thioether, 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring, substituted 5-, 6- or 7- aromatic ring, or substituted 5-, 6- or 7- heteroaromatic ring; or R 10 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support; or

a member selected from

R 1 in combination with R 2 ;

R 2 in combination with R 3 ;

R 3 in combination with R 4 ;

R 4 in combination with R 5 ;

R 6 in combination with R 7

R 7 in combination with R 8 ;

R 8 in combination with R 9 ; and

R 9 in combination with R 10 ;

together with the atoms to which they are joined, form a ring which is a 5-, 6- or 7-membered cycloalkyl, a substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered cycloalkyl, a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, a substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, a 5-, 6- or 7-membered aryl, a substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered aryl, a 5-, 6- or 7-membered heteroaryl, or a substituted 5-, 6- or 7-membered heteroaryl; and

wherein at least two of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 or R 9 comprises a sulfo group.

2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 ,R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support.

3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R 3 or R 8 comprises a reactive group, carrier molecule or solid support.

4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive group comprises an acrylamide, an activated ester of a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic ester, an acyl azide, an acyl nitrile, an aldehyde, an alkyl halide, an anhydride, an aniline, an amine, an aryl halide, an azide, an aziridine, a boronate, a diazoalkane, a haloacetamide, a haloalkyl, a halotriazine, a hydrazine, an imido ester, an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, a maleimide, a phosphoramidite, a reactive platinum complex, a silyl halide, a sulfonyl halide, or a thiol.

5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the reactive group comprises a carboxylic acid, succinimidyl ester of a carboxylic acid, hydrazide, amine or a maleimide.

6. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the solid support comprises a microfluidic chip, a silicon chip, a microscope slide, a microplate well, silica gels, polymeric membranes, particles, derivatized plastic films, glass beads, cotton, plastic beads, alumina gels, polysaccharides, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, latex bead, magnetic bead, paramagnetic bead, or superparamagnetic bead.

7. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the solid support comprises Sepharose, poly(acrylate), polystyrene, poly(acrylamide), polyol, agarose, agar, cellulose, dextran, starch, FICOLL, heparin, glycogen, amylopectin, mannan, inulin, nitrocellulose, diazocellulose or starch.

8. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier molecule comprises a amino acid, a peptide, a protein, a polysaccharide, a nucleotide, a nucleoside, an oligonucleotide, a nucleic acid, a hapten, a psoralen, a drug, a hormone, a lipid, a lipid assembly, a synthetic polymer, a polymeric microparticle, a biological cell or a virus.

9. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier molecule comprises an antibody, an antibody fragment, an avidin, a streptavidin, a biotin, a blood component protein, a dextran, an enzyme, an enzyme inhibitor, a hormone, an IgG binding protein, a fluorescent protein, a growth factor, a lectin, a lipopolysaccharide, a microorganism, a metal binding protein, a metal chelating moiety, a non-biological microparticle, a peptide toxin, a phosphotidylserinebinding protein, a structural protein, a small-molecule drug, or a tyramide.